The implicit pension debt accumulated by "pay as you go"makes it difficult to estimation and calculation on the scale of debt.
但在现收现付制下积累的债务通常以隐性方式存在，使得对债务规模的估计与测算成为难点。
This papers presents a multi- scale estimation based method to assess engineering surfaces.
对于工程表面评价提出了一个多尺度估计的方法。
This paper proposes a method of denoising by the use of jointing Bayes estimation and scale space filtering.
提出了一种贝叶斯估计和尺度空间滤波相结合的滤波方法。
Since the estimates of location and of scale depend on each other, an iterative estimation algorithm is needed.
由于位置参数估计与比例参数估计相互制约，所以要采用迭代解法。
A new method for human face image scale and direction estimation is proposed using covariance matrix eigenvalue and eigenvector of edge set, which is proved by theory and experiments.
提出了利用边缘点集的协方差矩阵的特征值与特征矢量作为人脸图像尺度与方向的粗估计方法，从理论和实验上证明了该方法的可行性。
So firstly to get a better estimation of parameter using iterate inversion on wide scale, then using this estimation as initial value on mini scale till to get global optimum of original problem.
因此可先在粗尺度上迭代反演，得到一个较好的参数估计，再将这个估计作为较精细尺度的初值进行反演，直至原问题的全局最优解。
From the theory we can propose that linear estimation model of stand biomass can be directly applied to the regional scale.
建立在林分的生物量蓄积量线性估计模型可直接应用到区域尺度。
At the same time, the estimation error of spatial interpolation model largely affect by the scope of spatial scale, topography and the precipitation.
并且空间插值模型的估算误差精度受到空间尺度范围和地形地势影响以及雨量强度大小的影响很大。
Under the optimistic estimation about the economy, the scale of the deficit can decrease.
在经济景气乐观估计下，赤字规模有所减少。
The estimation of time delay and scale of wideband echo is addressed.
研究了水下宽频带信号时延和尺度的估计问题。
In this paper, an interaction balance coordination algorithm of integrated system optimization and parameter estimation for nonlinear discrete dynamic large scale system is introduced.
提出一种非线性离散动态大系统系统优化与参数估计集成的关联平衡协调算法。
Different estimation methods of the probabilities of sparse events for the computation of the entropy in large scale modern Chinese text are applied in this paper.
文本文在大规模语料的基础上，利用语言模型中稀疏事件的概率估计方法对汉语的熵进行计算，并讨论了语料规模等因素对熵的影响。
Making use of equivalent density the model is simplified effectively, a simple and feasible method is offered for mode estimation of a missile's large-scale finite-element model.
同时利用等效密度有效地简化模型，为导弹大型有限元模型的模态估计提供了一种简单可行的方法。
To verify the reliability and validity of the scale, confirmatory factor analysis was employed for parameter estimation.
为了验证量表之效度与信度，我们借由验证型因素分析来估计参数。
The main range of mental healthy assessment scale by nurses was in healthy education and patients estimation and the main difficulties in lack of relative knowledge and data.
护理人员使用心理卫生评定量表的主要范围是健康教育和评估病人，主要难点为缺乏相关资料和知识。
The method is composed of feature estimation and multi-scale smoothing.
该方法由特征估计和多尺度滤波两部分组成。
When the least square criterion is applied to the state estimation of a large scale power system, high order of the equation will make it ill-conditioned.
一个大型电力系统最小二乘方准则的状态估计，由于其阶数很高而出现病态倾向。
The result indicates that the method is suitable for the stability estimation of middle or small-scale tunnels where geological conditions are relatively good with little test work needed.
结果表明，该方法适用于地质条件较好，试验工作较少的中小型隧洞围岩稳定性的评价。
Making use of two order statistics to construct a sample fonction for confidence interval estimation of the scale parameter, the probability density function of the sample function is discussed.
最近，对指数分布的参数和正态分布的位置参数讨论了基于残缺观测数据的区间估计”，‘’。
The effect of nonlinearity in measuring equation is retained and the partition method of a large scale system is used. The method can speed up the calculation of state estimation.
该法保留了测量方程的非线性，同时又利用了大系统分割方法，提高状态估计的计算速度。
It can be applied not only to the static modeling of large systems, but also to dynamic modeling of large systems, and may simplify parameter estimation for large scale systems.
不但适用于建立大系统的静态模型，而且也适用于建立大系统的动态模型。
Then, determination method of fractal parameters and scale-invariant interval is given and influence of transform order on the estimation of fractal parameters is also discussed.
其次，给出了分形参数的提取方法和无标度区间，并分析了变换阶数对分形参数估计的影响。
Then, determination method of fractal parameters and scale-invariant interval is given and influence of transform order on the estimation of fractal parameters is also discussed.
其次，给出了分形参数的提取方法和无标度区间，并分析了变换阶数对分形参数估计的影响。
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