The third layer is the domain layer.
第三层是领域层。
A domain layer - a lot of application functionality, built with domain specific languages.
领域层(domain layer)-包含大量的应用程序功能，使用领域特定语言构建。
We will further address the proper modeling between industry layer and the business domain layer in Section 3.1.3.
在第3.1.3 部分中，我们将进一步说明如何在行业层和业务领域层之间进行正确地建模。
On the domain layer, though, you often need more than just attributes, and Code Contracts are an ideal replacement.
域层，不过，您经常需要不仅仅是属性，和代码合同是理想的替代品。
If you use third-party mapping tools to do the mapping, then your application is tied to that tool, creating a tight coupling between the domain layer and database layer.
如果使用第三方映射工具进行映射，则应用程序将绑定到该工具，从而在领域层和数据库层之间形成了紧密耦合。
The macro level is build and application wide and the micro level happens at the domain layer, where domain classes publish the events whenever they interact with the database.
宏观层次就是构建和应用范围，而微观层次处于领域层，领域类在与数据库发生交互时发布事件。
One of the earlier design decisions we have encountered in the initial model is whether it is better to swap the positioning of the industry layer and the business domain layer.
我们在初始模型中遇到的较早设计决策之一是将行业层和业务领域层交换一下位置是否会更好。
This domain represents the processing layer for topical information.
这个领域代表主题信息的处理层。
The only hurdle is creating an additional layer of DTOs and converting them to/from domain objects.
唯一障碍是创建其他 DTO层和进行它们与域模型之间相互转换。
At first, applications are more difficult to debug because the extra binding layer makes it harder to trace the flow of data between controls and domain objects.
首先，应用程序更难调试，因为附加的绑定层使追踪控件与域对象之间的数据流变得更难。
Notice that these consist only of the application architecture's domain classes (the API layer).
注意，这些只包含应用程序架构的域类(api层)。
A DE facto standard description language in this domain is WSDL, which was created to provide an abstraction layer around a service's interface and implementation.
这个领域中的一种事实标准描述语言是WSDL，创建该语言的目的是给服务的接口和实现提供一个抽象层。
The cognitive layer houses the engines that host and process the business rules, representing the business domain knowledge.
认知层包含承载和处理业务规则的引擎，并表示业务领域知识。
Data is provided to the presentation layer in the form of domain objects or value objects.
数据以域对象或值对象的形式提供给表示层。
Because the UI is unique to the iPhone you need to separate out the visual layer from the domain model, basic MVC logic.
由于UI在iPhone的唯一性，所以需要将可视层与领域模型剥离开来，这也是基本的MVC逻辑。
The Naked Objects pattern encourages the developer to focus on supplying a rich domain model with both data and behaviour, and supplies a view layer and a thin controller layer automatically.
NakedObjects模式鼓励开发者关注于设计带有数据和行为的富领域模型，而它则自动提供一个展现层和一个瘦控制层。
In the domain of J2EE Web applications, the model is the business logic of an application, and the JSP pages comprising the presentation layer are the view.
在J2EEWeb应用程序领域中，模式是应用程序的业务逻辑，视图是包含表示层的JSP页面。
The presentation layer can call the validation logic on the data provided by a form before passing it to the domain model.
展示层可以调用验证逻辑对表单提供的数据进行验证，然后再将该数据传递给域模型。
You should especially design interfaces between layers or domains with this in mind, while layer - or domain-internal interfaces might not require this level of attention.
在层或域之间设计接口时，应该特别记住这一点，虽然层或域内的接口可能没有这方面的要求。
Because the only layer containing transaction logic is the API layer, I will only show the transaction logic in that layer's domain-model classes.
因为包含事务逻辑的惟一的一个层是api层，我将只展示该层的域模型类中的事务逻辑。
Because database tables by themselves do not have behavior, it's tempting to put the behavior of domain-model entities in services or the view layer.
因为数据库表本身没有行为，开发人员常常把领域模型实体的行为放在服务或视图层中。
The essence is to literally lift-up the 'green' layer of the park and insert building functions underneath, by which means the public domain remains uninterrupted by private use.
其本质是真正提升了公园的“景观绿化层”而将建筑的功能设置在其下，这意味着公共领域不会被私人使用所阻断。
Model your API after a service, or domain model; expose methods and properties as resources of your API layer.
你的API服务模式后，或域模型；暴露的方法和属性作为您的API层资源。
Provide a unified multi-domain (party, account, product) master database — the knowledge layer.
提供一个统一的多域(参与方、帐户、产品)主数据库——知识层。
It does not contain business rules or knowledge, but only coordinates tasks and delegates work to collaborations of domain objects in the next layer down.
它不包含业务逻辑或者业务相关的知识，而只是协调任务以及把任务委托给下一层中的一组对象。
The goal of this paper is to implement code generation tool for data access layer based on domain model.
本文的研究目标是实现一个基于领域模型的数据访问层的代码生成工具。
A layer of DTOs isolates the domain model from the presentation, resulting in both loose coupling and optimized data transfer.
DTO的分层是孤立于表现层和领域模型的一个层上，导致二者的松耦合，优化了数据传递。
Diagrams that are not UML diagrams or layer diagrams, such as domain specific languages.
既不是U ML关系图也不是层关系图的关系图，例如，特定于域的语言。
Diagrams that are not UML diagrams or layer diagrams, such as domain specific languages.
既不是U ML关系图也不是层关系图的关系图，例如，特定于域的语言。
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