Education - Concurrent Programs.
教育-并发程序。
It's no secret that concurrent programs are prone to bugs.
并行程序易于产生bug不是什么秘密。
There was no change to the fundamentals of how to design concurrent programs.
设计并发编程的基础没有变化。
Chapter 9 contains a detailed discussion of how to handle errors in concurrent programs.
第9章包含了一个关于如何在并行程序中处理错误的详细讨论。
ConTest is a tool for testing, debugging, and measuring the coverage of concurrent programs.
ConTest是用于测试、调试和测量并行程序的范围的工具。
It is often said that the problem with concurrent programs (and bugs) is that they are nondeterministic.
通常的说法是并行程序(和bug)的问题在于它们的不确定性。
Concurrent programs that do not use synchronization fail for many reasons, including memory consistency problems.
没有同步的并发程序会出现很多问题，包括内存一致性问题。
The paper discusses the faithfulness of the behavior of concurrent programs based on interleaved computation modes.
讨论基于交替计算模式的并发程序执行行为的可信性问题。
In this article, we introduce ConTest, a tool for testing, debugging, and measuring the coverage of concurrent programs.
在本文中，我们介绍了ConTest，一种用于测试、调试和测量并行程序范围的工具。
FSP is a kind of process algebra notation that can be used to describe formal specifications of concurrent programs.
FSP是一类描述并发程序形式化规约的进程代数记法。
Based on above points, a large part of traditional program testing techniques are not applicable for concurrent programs.
基于以上几点，很大一部分传统的程序测试方法在并发程序中并不适用。
But concurrent pushdown systems simulate concurrency by global variables, which are not able to model event-drive concurrent programs.
但是并发下推系统以全局变量模拟同步，不适应于当前广泛使用的基于事件驱动的并发程序。
Pertaining to a unit of code, data, file, page, segment ETC. in a multiprogramming system is available to two or more concurrent programs.
在多道程序处理系统中，用于修饰或说明两个或多个并发程序可以使用的一组代码、数据、文件、页面、段等。
Synchronization coverage: Measuring code coverage is a highly recommended practice in unit testing, but when it comes to concurrent programs, code coverage is misleading.
同步覆盖：在单元测试中极力推荐测量代码覆盖，但是在测试并行程序时使用它，代码覆盖容易产生误导。
Messaging, especially when combined with concurrent processing, enables programs to process information sequentially, even if there may be multiple requests coming from different locations.
消息传递，尤其是在与并行处理结合时，可使程序顺序处理信息，即便存在来自不同位置的多个请求时也是如此。
Instead, programs written in pure functional languages communicate by passing messages between concurrent, autonomous processes.
相反的，用纯函数式语言编写的程序在并发自主的进程中通过传递消息来通信。
Time-sharing: Concurrent processing of several jobs or programs on a computer.
分时：电脑同时处理多个工作或程序的情况。
User level thread is the higher level user scheduling unit supported by kernel thread, it supports concurrent execution of user programs.
用户级线程是在核心线程的支持下建立的更高层次的用户调度单位，能较好地支持用户程序的并发执行。
By analyzing the present problems, it' s suggested that the performing programs should be adopted regarding concurrent engineeringmanagement and disposing departmental interface.
通过分析现行串行管理模式存在的问题，提出采用并行工程管理和处理部门间界面的实施方案。
Multi-User: Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
多用户：允许两个或更多的用户同时运行程序，某些操作系统甚至允许几百或几千个用户同时使用。
Programs consist of a number of processes, each of which contains one or more conceptually concurrent threads of execution.
程序包含了若干进程，每一个进程包含了一个或多个概念上执行的线程。
Programs consist of a number of processes, each of which contains one or more conceptually concurrent threads of execution.
程序包含了若干进程，每一个进程包含了一个或多个概念上执行的线程。
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