This led researchers to speculate that panda intestines must have cellulose-munching bacteria that play a role in digestion.
这使得研究人员推测大熊猫的肠道里有一种咀嚼纤维素的细菌在消化中扮演一个角色。
Ants can't digest the cellulose in leaves—but some fungi can.
蚂蚁不能消化树叶中的纤维素，但有些真菌可以。
The polysaccharides are the complex carbohydrates, including starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
多糖是复杂的碳水化合物，包括淀粉、糖原和纤维素。
"They are like little factories that spit out biofuel molecules without the need for starch or cellulose, " explains Gibbons.
吉本斯解释：“这就像一个不需要淀粉或者纤维素就能生产出生物燃料分子的小型工厂。”
Until recently, the assumption has been that cellulose would take over from sugar and starch as the feedstock for making biofuels.
直到最近，这个假定认为纤维素会取代蔗糖和淀粉作为给料，制造生物燃料。
Green algae store food as starch, as do land plants and have cell walls made of cellulose, similar in composition to those of land plants.
绿藻以淀粉的形式储存食物，陆生植物也是如此，它们的细胞壁由纤维素构成，与陆生植物的细胞壁组成相似。
"The most important about this discovery is TU-103's ability to produce butanol directly from cellulose," said Mullin.
“关于这个发现最重要的是TU-103从纤维素直接生产丁醇的能力。”穆林说。
That requires a pretreatment that splits the cellulose into glycose molecules.
这需要预处理，将纤维素分解成葡萄糖分子。
The best method of reducing attack on the cellulose and still obtain a bleachable pulp is to use strong acid and low cooking temperature.
生产纤维损失小、漂白性能好的浆料的最佳方法是使用强酸和低蒸煮温度。
Development of celluloses that are stable outside the cells of microorganisms enables the culturing of fungi and with yeasts on cellulose hydrolyzates.
开发在微生物细胞外部能稳定存在的纤维素酶使真菌和酵母在纤维素水解产物上培养有了可能。
Besides cellulose, there are hemicellulose and lignin.
除了纤维素，还有半纤维素和木质素。
The bacteria spin cellulose threads, which bind on the surface forming a layer.
旋转的细菌，在表面形成一层受约束的纤维素线。
Much of the energy in ordinary grass is locked away as cellulose, but the new strains make more sugar within the cells.
普通草中的能量大都被锁定为纤维素，而这种新植株在细胞内产生更多的糖。
Both starch and cellulose consist of sugar molecules, linked together in different ways, and sugar is what fermentation feeds on.
淀粉和纤维素都由多糖分子构成，只不过连结方式不同，而且发酵也以糖为能源。
Helen Fink and her colleagues have modified the bacterial cellulose so that these cells adhere better.
海伦·芬克及其同事已对细菌纤维素进行修复，以便于这些细胞粘附得更好。
Its enzymes decompose cellulose and hemicellulose into sugar monomers.
它的酶可以将纤维素半纤维素分解为糖分子。
The newly discovered strain can be used to make fuel from any source of cellulose, not just paper.
这个新发现的菌株可以利用任何来源的纤维素，不只是纸。
For the future, many think a better way of making biofuels will be from grasses and saplings, which contain more cellulose.
放眼未来，很多人认为生产生物燃料更好的办法是利用草和树苗来作为原料。因为它们拥有更多的纤维素。
An alternative to the syngas method is to break the cellulose and hemicellulose up into their component "monomer" molecules.
混合煤气方案的替代方案便是打破纤维素和半纤维素的单体分子。
This was particularly essential as the body lacked the ability to sufficiently digest cellulose.
由于我们不能有效地消化纤维素，这个功能尤其重要。
If things work out better this time, it still leaves the question of where the cellulose is to come from.
即使这次的进展更好一些，还有一个问题就是纤维素从哪儿来。
These sugars are subsequently linked up to form the structural polymers, such as cellulose and lignin, which compose wood and bark.
糖又连接起来形成聚合物，例如纤维素和木质素，分别形成木头和树皮。
Making cellulose into sugar is technically possible, and many firms are working on that possibility. Some are using enzymes.
使纤维素变成糖分在技术上是可能的，并且很多公司正在努力。
The main ingredient of a nappy is cellulose, an annoyingly persistent material.
尿布的主要组成部分是纤维素，它是一种烦人的顽固性物质。
Citrus waste is rich in pectin, cellulose, and polysaccharides, which can be turned into sugars and fermented into alcohol.
柑桔类植物的果实表皮中富含胶质、纤维素和多聚糖，这些成分能够被转化为糖，经发酵后再变成酒精。
The chips were exported mainly to Japan for making dissolved pulp and cellulose derivatives such as rayon, used in the textile industry.
削片主要出口到日本制成溶解木浆和纺织工业使用的纤维素，如人造丝。
TU-103 is the first bacterial strain found in nature (not genetically engineered) to produce butanol directly from cellulose.
103是第一个自然界中发现的(非基因改造的)能够直接从纤维素产生丁醇的细菌。
This makes it easier for enzymes to reach the cellulose molecules, meaning more of it can be turned into sugar.
对于酶来说，更容易实现纤维素分子化，意味着更多的纤维素转化为糖。
At the moment, only a handful of factories around the world produce biofuel from cellulose. And that fuel is still ethanol.
现在，全世界只有少数几个工厂通过纤维素生产生物燃料，而且产品仍然是乙醇。
At the moment, only a handful of factories around the world produce biofuel from cellulose. And that fuel is still ethanol.
现在，全世界只有少数几个工厂通过纤维素生产生物燃料，而且产品仍然是乙醇。
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