I call that belief market fundamentalism and I contend that it is based on a false argument.
我把这种说法称作“市场原教旨主义”，并且我认为这种论断是建立在错误的论据基础上的。
And you might ask yourself, why should an argument that has a false conclusion be an useful argument. Mind at good argument.
你们可能问自己，为什么一个有错误的结论的论点，应该是一个有效的论点，这是好论点。
Yet, if the premises (' all men are tall, Fred is a man ') are not true then although the argument is rational and logical, it remains false.
但是，如果前提(“所有男人都很高，佛瑞得是个男人”)不成立，那么即使论证合情合理而富有逻辑，结论依然是谬误。
So if we see the conclusion of a valid argument is false what do you know? A little bit longer.
如果我们看到有效论点的结论为假，你们知道什么？有一点长。
If we can show the conclusion of a valid argument - put your hand up-if we can show the conclusion of a valid argument is false what do we know?
如果我们可以展示有效论点的结论-，举手，如果我们可以展示，有效论点的结论为假，我们知道什么？
That's right. So if you have a valid argument a deductively valid argument in which the conclusion is false then you know one of the premises must be false.
对，所以如果论点有效，一个演绎的有效论点中结论是假的，你就知道前提中有一项是假的。
But if we put this together for a valid argument we get that is known to be false, so we know either one of these got to be false.
但是如果我们一起放出这个，作为有效论点，我们知道的就为假，所以我们知道两者中的一个为假。
So it's a valid argument but has false premises. Okay what about if it is an invalid argument with false premises.
这是个有效的论点但是有假前提，如果是无效论点有假前提呢？
So it's a sufficient condition for an argument being valid that there is no possible situation where the premises are true and the conclusion false. And that's a necessary condition too.
所以这对于论点有效性是充分条件，没有可能前提为真，结论为假，这是必要条件。
It's a way to avoid the argument; although, for what it's worth, I should mention I don't myself believe that it's false that we have free will.
这是回避这条论证的一种方法，尽管这条论证有它自身的价值，应该说，我个人认为，人有自由意志，并没有错。
Even in large public companies, the argument that there is a fiduciary duty to shareholders to structure deals to minimize taxes is false.
即便在大型上市公司里，对股东负有通过设计交易结构尽量减少税负的忠慎义务这一说法也是站不住脚的。
Another argument against interview Question and Answers is that it will give candidates a false sense of confidence, and that they will appear more qualified than they are.
反对面试问答的另一个争议是，它会给候选人以虚假的自信，使他们看起来更有资格。
Because the philosophers of anti-inductivism generally overlook this condition, So they call in question or refutation of inductivism manyly with false ground of argument or a trick by ancien premier.
反归纳主义者普遍忽视了这一点，因而其质疑或反驳所采用的方式多为虚构或所问非所答。
In summary, the arguer bases his or her argument on scant evidence and a false analogy between two possibly very different countries.
总而言之，论述者将其论点建立在极为贫乏的证据和两个可能是迥然有别的国家之间的某种虚假类比之上。
Another way to screw up a deductive argument is by arguing from a false 5 premise.
另一种乱用演绎论证的方式是从一个错误的前提进行论证。
Your current argument is based on a false premise that the Wizards were freely letting Yao scoring them at will by intentionally sending their 3rd and 4rd string centers on him in the 4th quarter.
你现在的分析是建立在一个错误的前提上：奇才让他们第三，第四中锋上场，是让姚明可以随心所欲的在他们面前得分。
Your current argument is based on a false premise that the Wizards were freely letting Yao scoring them at will by intentionally sending their 3rd and 4rd string centers on him in the 4th quarter.
你现在的分析是建立在一个错误的前提上：奇才让他们第三，第四中锋上场，是让姚明可以随心所欲的在他们面前得分。
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