美联储很可能会给投资银行和货币基金制订一个资本最低比率的下限。
A minimum ratio of capital to assets should possibly be imposed by the Fed on investment Banks and money funds.
要想找到解决问题的脉络，应该从金融，以及两个大的“现实”——银行和货币入手。
To get a handle on these problems, start on the financial side and two big "facts" about banking and money.
假如外国人放弃美元，美国则将面临双重噩梦：即同时引发银行和货币危机。
If foreigners ever flee the dollar, America will face the twin nightmares that haunt emerging countries in a financial collapse: simultaneous banking and currency crises.
银行的举措完全出乎了投资者和货币买卖者的意料。
Investors and currency dealers were caught completely unawares by the bank's action.
国际银行雇用的是那些能洞悉国际银行政策、货币兑换和各类国际政策的人。
International banks appoint people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies, currency exchange and international policies.
银行以额外的货币，活期存款和其它高流动性的资产的形式的开支增加了货币的供应量。
The Banks' spending increases the money supply in the form of additional currency, demand deposits, and other highly liquid assets.
那些销售货币市场基金的银行和保险公司曾向其投资者们许下承诺，称他们可以像银行存款那样至少取回自己的钱。
The banks and insurers who sold money-market funds had promised their investors that, as with bank deposits, they would at least get their money back.
经济降温表明，决策者采取的加息、收紧银行贷款和让货币升值等旨在放缓经济增长的举措让经济产生了反应。
It shows that these economies are responding to deliberate efforts by policy makers to slow growth by raising interest rates, tightening bank lending and letting currencies appreciate.
随着竞争减少，市场依然不稳定，仍然挺立的投资银行在货币、大宗商品和债券交易中赚取了丰厚的利润。
With less competition and volatile markets, the investment Banks that are still standing have been earning fat margins trading in currencies, commodities and bonds.
当货币回到银行时，存款和库存现金一同增加。
When currency comes back to the banks, both deposits and vault cashreserves rise.
但是，这就相当于无视德国在货币和银行危机中所应承担起的主要责任。
But this ignores Germany's major share of responsibility for the currency and banking crises, if not for the sovereign-debt crisis.
最初设立中央银行是为了处理主权金融事务和发行一国货币。
The first central banks were created to handle the sovereign's financial affairs and issue a national currency.
让中央银行和主权财富基金承担货币风险要好得多。
Far better for the currency risk to be borne by the central bank and sovereign-wealth funds.
世界银行率先使用货币掉期，用以抵御外汇和利率风险。
The World Bank pioneered currency swaps, and USES swaps to protect against foreign exchange and interest rate risk.
货币的数量的变化取决于银行和公众的反应。
What happens to the quantity of money will vary, depending upon the reactions of the Banks and the public.
同时俄罗斯中央银行给大型商业银行和萧条的货币市场注资数十亿元以稳定惊恐的气氛。
the central bank poured billions into big banks and the money market in a forlorn bid to calm fears.
这个方案的一个极大好处是它的简单性，对银行业和货币供应带来的变化也是最小的。
One great advantage of this plan is its simplicity, as well as the minimal change in banking and the money supply that it would require.
事实上，气候变化将成为世界银行和国际货币基金会在本月召开的年会上的一项重要议题。
Indeed, climate change will be a key topic at the Annual Meetings of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund this month.
官员们悻悻地嘀咕着一些银行家首先卖空货币和银行股份，然后发表研究预测违约和贬值。
Officials mutter darkly that some bankers first shorted currencies and bank shares, and then published research notes forecasting default or devaluation.
央行控制着控制着狭义货币供应量，这被称作基础货币——通常是流通货币加上商业银行和中央银行的贮备货币。
Central Banks control the narrowest measure of the money supply, called the monetary base-typically, currency plus the reserves that commercial Banks hold with the central bank.
所以，法定准备金率和银行的准备金额共同决定了货币创造的上限。 什么是银行准备金？
Thus, the legal reserve ratiotogether with the dollar amount of bank reserves are the factors that set theupper limit to money creation.
世卫组织各区域在各国继续进行抗争，但世界银行和国际货币基金组织不予支持。
WHO regions kept on fighting in countries, but there was no support from the World Bank and the IMF.
人民银行对国内货币(利率)和外国货币(汇率)的价格限定了非常狭窄的范围。
The People's Bank sets very narrow ranges for the price of both domestic money (the interest rate) and foreign money (the exchange rate).
国际货币基金组织，欧洲中央银行和其他的机构催促各国放松刺激方案。
The IMF, European Central Bank and others urged countries to take steps to unwind their stimulus schemes.
世界银行和国际货币基金组织希望所有贷方都能遵守“红绿灯”制度。
The World Bank and the IMF hope that all creditors will abide by a system of "traffic lights".
世界银行和国际货币基金组织希望所有贷方都能遵守“红绿灯”制度。
The World Bank and the IMF hope that all creditors will abide by a system of "traffic lights".
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