结论CSS和CH单独作用均为肿瘤启动剂；当二者联合作用时可协同启动肿瘤的发生。
Conclusion Both CSS and CH may act as initiator in carcinogenesis, and may synergistically initiate tumors when CSS and CH were exposed simultaneously.
因此应用药物促使肿瘤启动细胞凋亡程序，就成为抗肿瘤治疗的一个有意义与希望的研究领域。
Therefore a meaningful and hopeful field of anti-tumor treatment study is applying medicine to start the tumor cell apoptosis process.
这些药物的作用机制是阻断酪氨酸激酶启动信号级联反应，后者可以促进肿瘤细胞生长。
The drugs work by preventing an enzyme called tyrosine kinase from launching a signaling cascade that fuels tumor cell growth.
长期以来，科学家们一直在研究一种肿瘤治疗的新途径，即通过启动恶性细胞的成熟和程序化死亡达到分化治疗。
For a long time, scientists have been working on a new approach of cancer treatment, the differentiation therapy, by triggering malignant cells' maturation and programmed cell death.
近来的观察发现，在几种人类肿瘤，仅有一种表型的肿瘤细胞亚群能启动肿瘤生长。
Recent observations indicate that, in several types of human cancer, only a phenotypic subset of cancer cells within each tumor is capable of initiating tumor growth.
目的：研究凋亡因子TRAIL结合端粒酶启动子对肿瘤的特异性杀伤作用。
OBJECTIVE: to investigate the specificity role of the apoptosis factor TRAIL gene with telomerase promoter in tumor gene therapy.
结论：血管皮生长因子通过启动血管生成而促进肿瘤的生长，阻断血管内皮生长因子的产生可以抑制肿瘤的生长。
Conclusion: As starting angiogenesis, VEGF might promote the growth of tumor, and the inhibition of VEGF production might prevent solid tumor from growing.
研究肿瘤特异性启动子计算机识别的方法，为基于计算机技术的肿瘤特异性启动子识别研究探索方向。
Studied on the method to recognize tumor peculiar promoter. By means of computational methods, we laid the foundation of gene regulatory system research.
方法：采用启动和促进两阶段化学诱癌方法在小鼠背部诱导皮肤肿瘤；
METHODS: Initiation and promotion two-stage chemical carcinogenesis method was used to induce cutaneous tumors in the mouse back skin.
转录靶向性利用一些肿瘤过表达某些特定基因，所以使用此基因特异性启动子可以驱动治疗基因达到靶向性治疗目的。
Transcriptional targeting takes advantage of the fact that some cancer cells express a subset of exclusive genes, and USES these cancer-specific promoters to express the desired transgenes.
目的：检测BLU与ARF基因启动子在鼻NK/T细胞淋巴瘤中的甲基化状态，探讨其在肿瘤发生中的作用与分子病理诊断中的应用价值。
AIM: To investigate the hypermethylation of the BLU and ARF promoter in nasal NK/T cell lymphoma from nasopharyngeal mucosa and its roles in tumor genesis and molecular pathological diagnosis.
“肿瘤干细胞是指启动整个肿瘤生长的细胞，”Ince解释。
"Tumor stem cells are cells that can initiate a whole tumor," Ince explained.
研究结果表明：两种方法都具有较好的识别效果，是可行的利用计算机技术进行肿瘤特异性启动子识别的方法。
The method is checked and test result shown that the recognition method was effective to predict tumor peculiar promoter in the sequence.
在本篇研究中，我们调查在台湾的病人在得到幽门杆菌感染之后所造成的不同临床症状，是否和宿主本身所带有肿瘤坏死因子启动子多型形和淋巴毒素基因型多型性有关。
In this study, we investigate whether the different clinical outcomes after H. pylori infection is related with the host's genotype polymorphisms of TNF-A and LTA in Taiwan.
目前研究表明ARF基因在肿瘤发生过程中可有起一定的作用，ARF基因功能的失活可能主要通过该基因启动子高度甲基化。
Recent studies showed that ARF gene may play a role in tumorigenesis; the ARF gene promoter hypermethylation may be the principal mechanism in the inactivation of this gene.
目前研究表明ARF基因在肿瘤发生过程中可有起一定的作用，ARF基因功能的失活可能主要通过该基因启动子高度甲基化。
Recent studies showed that ARF gene may play a role in tumorigenesis; the ARF gene promoter hypermethylation may be the principal mechanism in the inactivation of this gene.
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