《黑客帝国》的创意完全基于笛卡尔的哲学——笛卡尔对于恶灵的忧虑。
The idea of The Matrix is explicitly built upon Cartesian— Descartes' worries about an evil demon.
下面根据笛卡尔的精髓，我们来看下事物的真正特性。
And all the real qualities of matter according to Descartes followed from that essence.
现在你可能会认为，霍布斯在开笛卡尔的玩笑。
Now you might think , Hobbes is having a bit of a joke at Descartes expense here.
这是笛卡尔的形而上学和汤姆·斯托帕的幽默的结合体。
It's a mix of Descartes' metaphysics and Tom Stoppard's humor.
其实在笛卡尔的本体论中，世界上只有三种实体：心灵、物质和上帝。
In fact, in Cartesian ontology there are only three kinds of substance: mind, matter and God.
从认识到，他怀疑，笛卡尔的结论是，他是一个依赖有限的。
From the realization that he doubted, Descartes concluded that he was a dependent, finite being.
下一步笛卡尔的结论是，因为上帝是完美的，他不能被欺骗有限。
Next Descartes concluded that since God was perfect, he could not deceive finite beings.
笛卡尔的方法体现了分析的特色，是从理性主义出发的主体性方法。
The cartesian 'method reflected characteristics of analysis, and is also a rationalism 'subjective method.
的关键在于理解笛卡尔的辉煌论点是地看到，它不是一个三段论所有。
The key to understanding Descartes' brilliant argument is to see that it is not a syllogism at all.
接下来我们再看笛卡尔的另一个论题“二元论”，这无疑是他最广为人知的观点了。，
So let's move on now to another Cartesian topic, Dualism 'this is certainly the view for which Descartes is now best known.
所以，心理必然是简单的。而这是可能的，仅当有些类似笛卡尔的实体东西。
So the mind must be simple, and this is possible only if it is something like a Cartesian substance.
在笛卡尔的案例中，他尝试依赖自身清楚明白的感知和精神感官，来证明上帝的存在。
In Descartes case, he tries to prove the existence of God by relying on his clear and distinct perception his mental faculties.
这里具有讽刺意味的是，休谟以及那个时代所有的哲人们，几乎都反对笛卡尔的观点。
So there's a bit of a nice irony here that Hume who all these philosophers in this period is probably most opposed to Descartes.
事实上，笛卡尔的结论是，人的心灵是没有能力知道什么更多的肯定不是上帝的存在。
In fact, Descartes concluded that the human mind was not capable of knowing anything more certainly than God's existence.
对于笛卡尔的二元论来说还有几个主要问题，其中一个非常著名，是关于两个不同物质是如何互动的。
There're also some major problems for Cartesian dualism, one of them a famous problem uh, how can two such distinct substances interact at all.
雅克·欣提卡在诠释笛卡尔的“我思故我在”命题时创造了一种新的范式——践言性诠释。
Jaakko Hintikka created a new paradigm in the domain of interpretation on the "Cogito, ergo sum" proposition, namely the Performatory interpretation.
在达马西奥的杰作，笛卡尔的错误：，他曾是负责任的家伙，一个居家男人，非？煽？值得信赖。
And this is from Damasio's excellent book Descartes' Error: He used to be a really responsible guy, a family man, very reliable, very trustworthy.
就笛卡尔的论证到底错在哪儿的问题，我很愿意在课外，和你们详细谈谈，我最信服的理论，以及我个人的看法？
I'd be happy to discuss with you, outside class, at greater length my favorite theories as to where the argument goes wrong and why I think it goes wrong in Descartes' case as well.
我们应该把目光重新聚焦到笛卡尔的真理体系，并在此基础上创造一个基于“我存在，所以我要不懈地思考、追求”的社会。
We need to reverse the Cartesian maxim and create a society defined by "I am, therefore I think."
甚至连笛卡尔的影响深远的著作，即出版于1641年的《第一哲学沉思录》最初都是用拉丁语写成的，到了后来才译成了法语。
Even Descartes' hugely influential Meditations on first Philosophy, published in 1641, was written first in Latin and only later translated into French.
现代哲学家赖尔把笛卡尔的学说称为“机器中的幽灵说”，认为笛卡尔犯了范畴错误，并提出了自己所谓的心的理论。
Modern philosopher Ryle calls Descartes' theory as "the ghost of machinery", thinks that Descartes has made a category mistake and puts forward his own theory — the so-called mind.
本文首先通过分析科学研究的实际过程，指出不管是笛卡尔的理性主义还是休谟经验主义怀疑论都不能排除科学中的信念。
This paper, firstly, shows that both rationalism of Descartes and empirical scepticism of Hume can not rule out the belief in science by means of analyzing the process of scientific research.
数学对西方近代的另一位理性主义哲学家斯宾诺莎的哲学也产生了深远的影响，这种影响甚至比对笛卡尔的影响更加彻底和全面。
Mathematics has also produced far-reaching influence on another modern rationalist philosopher Spinoza, and this impact has been even more thorough and all-round than the impact on Descartes'.
我可以想象只有晨星存在，而昏星不存在，于是笛卡尔的儿子，笛卡尔森不得不说，那就说明了晨星和昏星，是两个不一样的东西。
Well, I can imagine the Evening Star without the Morning Star, so son of Descartes, "Descarteson," Has to say, "Oh, so that shows that the Morning Star and the Evening Star are two different things."
我可以想象只有晨星存在，而昏星不存在，于是笛卡尔的儿子，笛卡尔森不得不说，那就说明了晨星和昏星，是两个不一样的东西。
Well, I can imagine the Evening Star without the Morning Star, so son of Descartes, "Descarteson," Has to say, "Oh, so that shows that the Morning Star and the Evening Star are two different things."
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