在1997年发现首批人患H5N1禽流感病毒感染病例之后，大大加强了对流感大流行和大流行性病毒的研究力度。
Research on influenza pandemics and pandemic viruses increased considerably following the first human cases of infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus in 1997.
故此，“全球病毒预警组织（GVFI）”参与了病毒监测系统的建设，在病毒频发的“热点地区”，如中非和东南亚等地，设立监测点，对病毒转染病例进行早期发现和早期预警。
The Global Viral Forecasting Initiative is therefore involved in setting up a monitoring system in viral “hot spots”, such as central Africa and South-East Asia, to catch such transfections early.
这一发现标志着首次记载了这一物种感染了一种禽流感病毒。
This finding marks the first documented infection of this species with an avian influenza virus.
乙肝病毒及其抗原一发现，布伦·伯格和他的研究小组就设计实验，以便在输血前对献血者进行鉴别。因为输血经常传播乙肝这种传染病。
Once the virus and its antigen were found, Dr Blumberg and his team devised tests for it, so that donors could be screened before giving the blood that often transmitted the infection.
但是他们说，这一发现会促使人们做好预防措施，以避免携带艾滋病毒的母亲通过哺乳将病毒传给婴儿。
But they say the finding might have implications for preventing transmission of the virus from HIV-infected mothers to their children through breastfeeding.
病毒常规基因序列表明与其它艾滋病病毒样本看上去不一样并且它最终与仅在2006年发现的一大猩猩猿免疫缺陷病毒比对。
Routine genetic sequencing of the virus showed it looked like no other sample of AIDS virus and it was eventually compared to a gorilla simian immunodeficiency virus, itself only discovered in 2006.
虽然新感染和NDM- 1引发的病毒不断蔓延，目前至少已发现一种化合物能够对抗超级病菌病毒。
Although new infections and NDM-1-powered strains are spreading, at least one compound has been discovered that could combat the superbug strains.
这一发现为使用抗癌病毒的新型抗癌药物奠定了基础。
The findings help lay the groundwork for a new type of cancer medicine using cancer-killing viruses.
这是这种高致病性病毒在该大陆发生的首次报告，非洲大陆的人民已经在忍受着艾滋病毒/艾滋病的大流行和其它严重的传染病的肆虐。
This is the first reported incidence of this highly pathogenic virus on the continent, where people are already enduring the HIV/AIDS pandemic and other serious infectious diseases.
由HIV病毒引起的艾滋病先是导致了病人免疫系统功能减弱，继而使病人产生继发感染。
Rather, HIV, the virus that causes it, weakens the body's immune system and exposes the sufferer to secondary infections.
自2002年发生登革3型病毒主要流行以来，登革3型病毒一直是里约热内卢过去5年中最主要的血清型。 当前，里约热内卢正经历新一轮登革2型病毒流行。
Rio de Janeiro, where DEN-3 has been the predominant circulating serotype for the past 5 years since the major DEN-3 epidemic in 2002, is now experiencing the renewed circulation of DEN-2.
虽然周四发表的论文并未决定性地显示出XMRV病毒是慢性疲劳综合症的起因，但从未公布的其他数据看，这种可能性很高。
While Thursday's paper doesn't demonstrate conclusively that XMRV is a cause of CFS, additional unpublished data make it a very strong possibility.
各种昆虫会带来疟疾、莱姆病或巴贝斯虫病，类似于狂犬病的病毒性疾病在缺少人类的控制之下会一发而不可收拾。
Malaria, Lymes Disease, Bebesia can be carried by insects and with Rabies, will likely grow out of control without human intervention.
2004年9月发表的实验报告显示，H5N1病毒可感染家猫，猫可将病毒传播给同类。
Experimental studies, published in September 2004, demonstrated that the H5N1 virus can infect domestic cats, and that cats can transmit the virus to other cats.
这一发现意味着virophages(噬病毒体)会通过他们寄生的病毒交换基因，类似于噬菌体通过他们寄生的细菌交换基因。
That discovery implies that virophages may transfer genes between the viruses they infect similar to the way bacteriophages transfer genes between bacteria.
7月发表的研究表明，该次暴发中的H5N1病毒与过去两年在东南亚传播的病毒相似。
Research published in July indicates that H5N1 viruses in that outbreak are similar to viruses that have been circulating in south-east Asia for the last two years.
根据《自然》科学杂志2006年发布的一篇研究显示，病毒仅仅是在100到200年前进化而成的。
The virus evolved only 100 to 200 years ago, according to a study published in the journal.
在病毒引发心脏病的课题上还需要做更多的研究，但Crumpacker医生说，这一发现使新的治疗方法成为可能。
More research is needed looking at the role of viruses in causing heart disease, but Crumpacker said the findings suggest new treatment possibilities.
这一发现可能对全世界400多万联合感染乙型和丙型肝炎病毒的患者产生重大影响。
The finding could have major implications for over four million people worldwide who are jointly infected with hepatitis B and HIV.
尽管这种病毒是在1947年发现的，但其长期后果并没有得到过研究。
Although the virus was discovered in 1947, there has been no research into its long-term consequences.
这一发现是一个先决条件，目前的了解生物学疾病及其抗逆转录病毒治疗。
The discovery was one prerequisite for the current understanding of the biology of the disease and its antiretroviral treatment.
新的研究表明，理论上，一个病毒粒子足以引起感染和继发疾病。
New research shows that one virus particle is theoretically enough to cause infection and subsequent disease.
一种原发流感病毒感染之后，可以使这些细菌从鼻和咽喉移行至中耳。
These bacteria migrate from the nose and throat to the middle ear after an initial influenza virus infection paves the way.
这一发现长期以来表明，野生水禽不是传播这些病毒的媒介。
This finding long suggested that wild waterfowl are not agents for the onward transmission of these viruses.
当一个孩子患上流感或另一种病毒引起的上呼吸道感染，这种细菌就抓住这个机会移行到中耳并导致继发感染。
When a child catches the flu, or another virus that causes an upper respiratory infection, the bacteria seize the opportunity and migrate to the middle ear, causing a secondary infection.
但是，1918年还没有抗生素，很多人死于继发细菌感染。1957年还没有抗病毒的药物而且医学通风设备也不常用。
But in 1918, antibiotics did not exist, and many people died of secondary bacterial infections. In 1957, antiviral drugs did not exist, and mechanical ventilators were less common.
但是，1918年还没有抗生素，很多人死于继发细菌感染。1957年还没有抗病毒的药物而且医学通风设备也不常用。
But in 1918, antibiotics did not exist, and many people died of secondary bacterial infections. In 1957, antiviral drugs did not exist, and mechanical ventilators were less common.
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