而物理主义的观点则与之相对。
我们不知道如何从物理主义角度去解释
物理主义者又如何解释这种事呢？
物理主义者们不否认心灵的存在。
你可能会想，根据物理主义的说法心灵就是大脑。
You might think, "Look, according to physicalists minds are just brains."
这可能会让你觉得心灵，在物理主义那里就是大脑。
So that might tempt you into saying the mind on the physicalist view is just a brain.
此例在物理主义史学中具有很强的代表性。
This case in physical socialist historiography has strong representative.
我们应该重新修改一下,物理主义学上对死亡的定义。
So we need to revise our account of what it is on the physicalist picture to say that you're dead.
但是不知道，怎么解释并不等于，不能用物理主义解释？
But not yet seeing how to explain it is not the same thing as seeing that it can't be explained on physicalist terms.
物理主义在当代心灵哲学中的影响体现在不同的方面。
The influence of physicalism upon contemporary Philosophy of Mind is demonstrated in different respects.
因此，从物理主义的，角度理解这一点尤为重要，心灵并不是大脑。
So it's important, in particular, to understand that from the physicalist's point of view, the mind is not the brain.
如同从物理主义的角度探讨心灵一样，探讨灵魂也不是什么特别危险的事情？
Just like there's no danger in talking of the mind from the physicalist perspective there wouldn't be any serious danger in talking about a soul.
说得更明白一点，我会说物理主义者，唯物主义者，不相信灵魂。
Just to keep things clear, I will say that physicalists, materialists, do not believe in souls.
谈论灵魂并不是什么令人沮丧或不得体的事情，即使是从物理主义的角度来看？
There's nothing upsetting or improper about the language of the soul, even on the physicalist point of view.
注意，我并不否认，物理主义者在某些方面，做出的某些解释不充分。
Mind you, I don't want to deny that there are some things the physicalist has not yet done a very compelling job of explaining.
所以当我考察各种论证时，我不会说最佳解释肯定是，物理主义的。
And when I review these various arguments, I come away thinking the better explanation falls with the physicalist.
所以我要再次假设，我描绘的那个形而上学的观点是正确的，物理主义是正确的。
So again, I'm going to suppose here on out that the metaphysical view that I've been sketching is right; that physicalism is true.
除了这个谜团，在我看来似乎在成为物理主义者之后，死亡并没有什么深刻和神秘的了。
That puzzle aside, it seems to me that once we become physicalists, there's nothing especially deep or mysterious about death.
接下来，我们的问题是，这两种观点，我们到底应该相信哪一种，二元论还是物理主义。
The question we want to turn to, then, is, "Which of these two views should we believe: the dualist position or the physicalist position?"
我现在要说的就是，逻辑上讲，即便你是物理主义者，也无法排除生存的可能性。
Now, what I've been arguing is that, logically speaking, even if you are a physicalist, that doesn't rule out the possibility of survival.
我们是，就像我之前说我是物理主义者时，我相信人只是机器，但我们不是旧机器。
We are, as I said, early in the semester when I said I'm a physicalist, I believe that people are just machines, but we're not just any old machine.
因此人格同一性的人格论，既可以被物理主义学者接受，也可以被二元论者接受。
So, the personality theory of personal identity can be accepted by physicalists, and it can be accepted by dualists.
说我在辩护，当我给物理主义者辩护时我会说，别怪我们，我们还不知道怎么解释呢？
I'm defending, I'm defending the physicalist by saying, "don't blame us. We don't know how to explain it yet."
我不是那种，喜欢用物理主义，自然主义，唯物主义的科学角度，来解释东西的人。
I'm not the kind of person who makes it his business to try to explain away those things in physicalist, naturalistic, materialistic, scientific terms.
是否存在某些人类的奥秘或谜团，物理主义对此束手无策，而二元论者，却能解释它们。
Are there mysteries or puzzles about people that the physicalist just draws a blank, but if we become dualists, we can explain these features?
现在我想要用一点时间，提一下其他的谜团，或是说从物理主义者角度值得思考的问题。
Now, I want to take just a couple of minutes and mention some other puzzles, or at least questions, worth thinking about in terms of the physicalist picture.
这或多或少，是从物理主义者角度得到的正确答案，纵然我们后面还会看到，这个答案是需要完善的。
That seems, more or less, the right answer from the physicalist point of view, although as we'll see probably later today, we need to refine it somewhat.
物理主义者们现在，能做出的最好的回答就是，从这个意义上去理解，就能造出一台，具有意识的机器。
Now, the best possible response would be for the physicalist to say, "Here's how to build a machine that can be conscious in this sense."
你说，你关于存在着什么的观点是物理主义的观点，即你认为全部实在是由物理实体组成的；
You have said that your view of what there is is physicalist: you think that all reality consists of physical entities;
是否存在物理主义者不能解释的这种特性，使得我们不得不诉诸于，某些超物理的东西来解释。
Is there some feature that the physicalist can't explain and so we need to appeal to something extra-physical to explain it?
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