先天性脊柱畸形，包括蝴蝶椎、脊椎分节不全、椎骨移行、半椎等，指犬只各脊柱骨的形成异常。
Congenital vertebral anomalies, including butterfly, block, and transitional vertebrae, and hemivertebrae, are a collection of malformations of the spine in animals.
目的：阐明难以与蝴蝶椎相鉴别的病理情况如骨折，感染，转移瘤等的鉴别诊断意义。
Objective. To illustrate the significance of identifying butterfly vertebra that may be confused with other pathologic conditions like fractures, infections, and metastases.
一个FSU包括相邻的两个椎体及两者间的椎间盘和所有韧带，但不包括肌肉等连接组织。
FSU consists of two adjacent vertebrae, the intervertebral disc and all adjoining ligaments between them and excludes other connecting tissues such as muscles.
实施寰椎后弓侧块螺钉固定术之前，需要对寰椎横断面ct等进行测量，确定置钉的安全区域。
It is necessary to confirm the safe area by using axial CT of Atlas before screw fixation.
骶骨轴位T2序列显示起源于右侧骶骨翼的等信号的病灶，病变浸润骶1、2椎体外侧神经根。
Figure 2: Axial T2 image through the level of the sacrum demonstrates an isointense lesion originating in the right sacral ala which is invading the S1 and S2 exiting nerve roots. (double red arrows).
胸腰段椎体容易发生骨折、脱位、肿瘤或感染等病变，不可避免地引起脊柱不稳定。
Various conditions such as fracture, dislocation, tumor, or infection adversely affect the thoracolumbar vertebral body and lead to instability.
结果测量出寰椎后弓、侧块、椎动脉沟、后弓侧块螺钉通道的轴线长度，及后弓进钉点和进钉方向等参数。
Result the parameters of posterior arch, lateral mass, vertebral artery groove, axis length of screw pass via posterior arch and lateral mass, projection and direction of screw were measured.
还有的会出现失眠、疲乏、劲椎病、腰椎间盘突出、背痛等症状。
Someone suffer from insomnia, neck vertebral disease, lumbar intervertebral prolapse and back pain.
本文就腰椎椎间融合手术路径、融合材料及椎间融合器等研究进展作一综述。
This paper between waist push juvenile fusion surgery path, fusion materials and push the research progress between fusion are reviewed in this paper.
结果得出了椎动脉沟半距、椎弓、寰椎前后结节等结构的测量数据。
Result Obtaining the data of the radius of arterial groove vertebral arch, the tuberculum posterius and anterior altantis .
结果：梅尼埃病、特发性突聋、椎一基底动脉供血不足、脑病等伴眩晕的疾病的ENG均出现相应的特征检查结果。
Results: the results indicated that there were characteristics of ENG recorded from Menieres, sudden deafness and some central disease etc with dizziness diseases.
LDH的主要X线平片表现有椎间隙狭窄、椎体缘改变、生理曲度及序列改变等。
The main manifestation of LDH in X-ray plain films is stenosis of intervertebral space, changes of edge of vertebra and physiological curvature and sequence, etc.
古船木都是些百年的老木，主要有铁力木、石头椎、昆甸木、楸木等。
Ancient Boat wood are more a hundred years old trees, mainly Mesua ferrea, stone vertebral, Queensland's wood, such as Catalpa wood.
海南山地雨林，可理解为群系组，其下根据综合特征分类，以优势种命名可划分为婆罗椎栗、吊皮栲、陆均松、尖峰栎、龙楠等13个群系（或混合群落）。
The mountain rain forest can be considered as a formation group, and under this formation group 13 formations (mixed community) are recognized according to the dominant species.
结果经重建的图像可显示颈椎后纵韧带钙化、椎间隙椎间孔狭窄、骨质增生等，胸腰椎可显示各种骨折及骨质增生、滑脱等病理改变。
ResultsCalcification of posterior longitudinal ligament, narrow of disc space or neural foramen, varied fracture bone sclerosis and spondylolisthesis could be found with this technique.
当椎板切除术累及高应力部位(颈2或颈7)，术前存在颈椎序列变化，小关节受累等可能影响术后颈椎曲度与活动度。
With preoperative cervical sequence changes, high-stress position (C2 or C7) and small joint involved, the postoperative cervical alignment and rang of motion may be affected.
脑外伤均合并颈外伤，即环枢椎半脱位等。
It is suggested that brain trauma may always be accompanied with cervical trauma, that is, atlantoaxial subluxation, etc.
滑椎症或椎动滑动可以发生在如体操、投掷项目和网球等年轻和成年运动员中。
Such as gymnastics, throwing events and tennis. A spondylolisthesis or spinal slipping may occur in young and middle-aged athletes.
运用颈椎周围不同肌肉对颈椎作用力的变化，模拟正常活动范围内颈椎前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转等多种工况。分别计算并得出相应载荷下钩椎关节、小关节应力值。
With the changing of muscular force, the movements such as flexion, extension, lateroversion and rotation were imitated, and the stress was calculated under different loads, respectively.
颈内动脉病变在脑梗死、短暂性脑缺血、椎基底动脉供血不足等疾病的发生中起重要作用。
Carotid artery lesion plays an important role in the occurrence of cerebral infarction, transient cerebral ischemia and vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency.
主要临床表现包括呕吐、意识障碍、低血压、椎体外系反应、低体温等。
The main clinical manifestations included vomiting, unconsciousness, hypotension, extrapyramidal system response and low body temperature, and so on.
椎旁肌间隙入路的操作学习曲线短，配合微型拉钩等简单手术器械相对于微创扩张管道更容易推广。
Wiltse approach learning curve is short, with a simple micro-hooks and other minimally invasive surgical instruments relative to the expansion chamber is more easily replicable.
本文对目前常用骨水泥填充、钛网重建、植骨融合、人工椎体等方法的优缺点及适应证作一综述。
This article is to provide an overview of the methods to rebuild the defect vertebral such as fill with bone cement, titanium mesh cage fusion, replacement with vascularized rib st...
在X线标准侧位片下用Newton等的4个水平的分级系统对椎间融合评估。
Interbody fusion was assessed on standing lateral radiographs using the Newton et al 4-level grading scale.
Ozgur等报道了13名行单节段或多节段极外侧椎间融合治疗的患者80。
Ozgur et al. reported on thirteen patients treated with a single or multi-level extreme lateral interbody fusion80.
神经系统疾病：椎间盘突出，椎体骨质增生，椎体关节错位等致使到远端神经受到压迫因而发生脚底发热。
Nerve problems that cause hot feet include compression of the nerve due to intervertebral disc hernia, vertebral bone spurs, or subluxation of vertebrae (when the vertebrae aren't properly aligned).
Anand等报道了12名行直接侧方椎间融合并对L 5 - S1联合应用经骶骨椎间融合技术的患者86。
Anand et al. reported on twelve patients treated with direct lateral interbody fusion in combination with a transsacral interbody fusion technique at L5-S186.
术前ct及三维重建评估寰枢椎椎弓根螺钉的进钉点、进钉方向等参数。
The parameters were assessed by preoperative ct and three-dimensional reconstruction such the entry point and Angle of atlantoaxial pedicle screws.
本文由导论、崇拜环椎习俗、环椎信仰特征、环椎信仰的文化内涵、结论及参考文献等六个部分组成。
The article consists of six parts, such as foreword, the custom of atlas worship, the features of atlas worship, the cultural meaning of atlas worship, summary and references.
本文由导论、崇拜环椎习俗、环椎信仰特征、环椎信仰的文化内涵、结论及参考文献等六个部分组成。
The article consists of six parts, such as foreword, the custom of atlas worship, the features of atlas worship, the cultural meaning of atlas worship, summary and references.
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