所有这些基因合起来就组成了产品的基因组。
他们还需要弄清楚所有这些基因变异是如何与健康和疾病相关联的。
They still need to figure out how all those genetic variables relate to health and disease.
有这些基因突变的病人年龄较小，生存时间长于典型的脑肿瘤病人。
The patients with these mutations were younger and lived longer than the typical brain tumor patient.
这些基因为细胞呼吸所需，没有这些基因真核细胞也就一命归西了。
These genes are needed for cell respiration, and without them eukaryotic cells die.
但是并非所有的抑郁症的人都有这些基因，也不是所有有这些基因的人患抑郁症。
But not all people with depression have these genes, and not all people with these genes have depression.
我们的方法就是抓住谜团中的复杂部分，分析所有这些基因间的互动如何导致长寿。
And that's what this method does - it captures the complexity of the puzzle and the interaction of all these genes together to produce exceptional longevity.
Rose说，每个人都拥有这些基因，然而以不同的形状和形式表现，或是增强或是削弱基因的效果。
Everyone possesses all the genes in question, says Rose, but in different forms, or versions, which either amplify or dampen their effects.
这份研究结果是基于3000位病人的血样得出，但这并不意味着有这些基因突变的人群注定会患有血癌。
The findings, based on blood samples from nearly 3,000 patients, don't mean that people with these genetic mutations are destined to develop a blood cancer.
之后在新的条件下，缺少竞争者的环境，或者获取食物的新途径，使得携带这些基因的人们也和没有这些基因的人一样数量剧增。
New conditions, perhaps territory free of competitors or a new technology for getting food, allowed people who carried them to flourish just as well as people who did not have them.
这些研究成果将使科学家能够开始研制模仿这三种健康基因功能的新药，从而有助于预防携带有这些基因突变的病人患上老年痴呆症。
The work will enable scientists to start work on drugs that mimic the effects of the healthy genes and so help to prevent Alzheimer's developing in patients who carry mutated variants.
所有这些基因都负责熟知的药品（诸如抗抑郁药、精神抑制药与包括百忧解、舒马曲坦与安理申等在内的止疼片）的分子靶标的编码。
The genes all encode molecular targets of well-known pharmaceuticals, such as antidepressants, antipsychotics and pain relievers including Prozac, Imitrex, and Aricept.
我们有了关于蛇类进化的新概念以及新的DNA数据，所有这些都是关于蛇毒基因构成的信息。
We have these new concepts of snakes' evolution and a new DNA database, all these information on the genetic makeup of snake venom.
她可能不愿意被称为拉丁人，但她应该为她拥有这些值得信任的良好基因而骄傲的。
She may not want to be called Latina, but she should proudly credit those genes for her famous figure.
结论：是真是假？她可能不愿意被称为拉丁人，但她应该为她拥有这些值得信任的良好基因而骄傲的。
Verdict: Real or Fake? She may not want to be called Latina, but she should proudly credit those genes for her famous figure.
当这些科学家们将果糖喂食给没有这种基因的小鼠或不吃含盐食物的动物时，这些动物的血压没有变化。
When these researchers fed fructose to mice without the functioning gene or to animals eating a salt-free diet, the animals' blood pressure remained unaltered.
接下来，更深远的问题是：当低成本，个人就能进行的基因组学时代最终到来的时候，面对所有这些数据我们将要怎么办？
The next, far bigger question, is-when this era of cheap, personalised genomics finally does arrive, what will be done with all the data?
根据这项研究显示，56%的毛利男性拥有这一“勇士基因”，而这些人正是以英勇无畏著称的，在白人男性中，这一比例只有34%。
According to the researchers, the so-called "warrior gene" is carried by 56 percent of Maori men, who are renowned for being "fearless warriors," and only 34 percent of Caucasian males.
全世界的研究人员都试图证明基因疗法能够有效治疗眼病，这项临床测试只是所有这些努力中的一个。
The trial is one of a handful worldwide seeking to prove the effectiveness of gene therapy for eye diseases.
全世界的研究人员都试图证明基因疗法能够有效治疗眼病，这项临床测试只是所有这些努力中的一个。
Thetrial is one of a handful worldwide seeking to prove the effectiveness of genetherapy for eye diseases.
所有这些信息使得Clarke和她的小组怀疑KCNJ6基因可能在人类的酒精中毒行为中起了作用。
All of this information made Clarke and her team suspect that the KCNJ6 gene might play a role in human alcoholism.
所有这些人都携带着人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-B57基因，现在，来自麻省理工和哈佛的研究者在麻省理工总医院雷根研究所发现了HLA-B57令HIV自然免疫的新机理。
Now a team of researchers from the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard has revealed a new effect that contributes to this gene’s ability to confer immunity.
而今我们有了电脑病毒，神经网络，生物圈二号，基因治疗法以及智能卡——所有这些人工构造的产品，联接起了机械与生物过程。
We now have computer viruses, neural networks, Biosphere 2, gene therapy, and smart CARDS — all humanly constructed artifacts that bind mechanical and biological processes.
所有这些问题都是基因造成。
最后，所有这些新方法毫无疑问会使发现重要的新的基因和新的生物机制成为可能。
Finally, there is no doubt that all these new approaches will allow important new genes and novel biological mechanisms to be discovered.
这些遗传标记属于染色体17。有这种标记的儿童血液中有新的基因——ORMDL3，它在哮喘儿童中的出现几率更大。
These markers are located on chromosome 17, and children with this marker had higher levels of a new gene called ORMDL3 in their blood, which occurs in higher amounts in children with asthma.
所有这些情形都拉响了警报，但是并不一定意味着乳腺癌源于遗传性基因突变。
All these situations can ring alarm bells, but they don't necessarily mean the breast cancer arose from an inherited genetic mutation.
所有这些努力将有望鉴定致癌基因与调控途径并应用于基因治疗研究。
All of these efforts will hopefully identify those genes and pathways which can be investigated for potential therapeutic exploitation.
所有这些努力将有望鉴定致癌基因与调控途径并应用于基因治疗研究。
All of these efforts will hopefully identify those genes and pathways which can be investigated for potential therapeutic exploitation.
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