科学家们希望他们为这种重要的顶级捕食者——处于食物链顶端的捕食者扭转局面。
Scientists hope they can turn things around for this important apex predator, meaning one that is on top of the food chain.
有些动物用颜色作为警告，让捕食者远离它们。
Some animals use color as a warning to make predators stay away.
它们用不同的颜色来保护自己，以免被捕食者发现。
They protect themselves with different colors so as not to be seen by predators.
他们研究动物如何保护自己免受捕食者的伤害，以及哪些动物会捕食其他动物。
They study how animals protect themselves from their predators, and which animals kill other animals for food.
然而，大自然是非常聪明的，捕食者也会用颜色来吸引它们捕食的动物。
Nature, however, is very clever, and predators also use colors to attract the animals they feed on.
如果捕食者来了，40条鱼成为午餐的可能性比10条鱼小。
If a predator comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10.
捕食者如何影响猎物的数量？
我的意思是，它不会吸引更多的捕食者吗？
随着海星捕食者的减少，海星的数量会增加。
With a decline in starfish predators, the starfish population can increase.
它的作用是在章鱼逃跑时分散捕食者的注意力。
It serves to distract a predator while the octopus makes its escape.
刺冠海星是一种以珊瑚虫为食的珊瑚礁捕食者。
The crown of thorns starfish is a coral reef predator that preys on coral polyps.
捕食者是维持群落物种丰富多样的一个重要因素。
Predators are an essential factor in maintaining communities that are rich and diverse in species.
讽刺的是，联邦政府是捕食者控制计划的主要创始人。
Ironically, the Federal government is the chief founder of predator-control programs.
如果被捕食者或者入侵的克林贡人攻击，他会怎么做？
What would he have done if attacked by a predator or an invading Klingon?
泡沫尝起来很糟糕，以至于捕食者再也不会这样做了。
因为如果捕食者不知道你在那里，它就不会试图吃掉你。
Because if the predator doesn't know you are there, it is not going to try to eat you.
动物可以通过选择一个光线最不明显的环境来躲避捕食者。
An animal can hide from predators by choosing the light environment in which its pattern is least visible.
鸟类做来分散捕食者注意力的行为被称为注意力分散展示。
The behaviors that the birds engage in to distract predators are called distraction displays.
当某个捕食者靠近时，它们会尽力吸引这个捕食者的注意。
When a predator approaches, they do their best to attract the attention of that predator.
推测来讲，它离家越频繁，就越有可能暴露在捕食者面前。
Presumably, the more often it wanders from home, the more it's likely to be exposed to predators.
随着时间的推移，动物们已经发展出许多远离捕食者的方法。
Over time animals have developed many ways to stay away from predators.
蝙蝠能避开其他捕食者，找到猎物——通常是夜间飞行的昆虫。
The bats are able to avoid other predators, and locate prey—typically insects that fly around at night.
然而，在警觉行为不针对捕食者的情况下，则需要不同的解释。
However, a different explanation is necessary in cases where the vigilant behavior is not directed at predators.
格林斯通认为，捕食者可能会根据食物的营养成分来选择食物。
Greenstone suggested that predators may select food items according to their nutrient contents.
较少的猎物数量为捕食者提供了不足的食物，导致捕食者数量减少。
Low prey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators, causing the predator population to decrease.
它们通过这样做来把捕食者引离它们的巢，离开它们的鸟蛋或幼鸟。
They do that to draw the predator away from their nest, away from their eggs or their young birds.
章鱼是许多物种的猎物，包括人类，那么它如何逃脱捕食者的猎杀呢？
The octopus is prey to many species, including humans, so how does it escape its predators?
火海胆鲜红的颜色警告捕食者它的刺有毒。海獭是海胆的主要捕食者。
The bright red color of a fire urchin warns predators that its spines are poisonous. Sea otters are the major predators of sea urchins.
我读到过，它们为了躲避捕食者，经常喷出一团墨水，或者类似的东西。
I read that they often hide from predators by squirting out a cloud of ink, or something like that.
在这项研究中，研究人员观察了土拨鼠发现捕食者时发出的高音吠叫声。
In this study, the researchers looked at the high-pitched barks a prairie dog makes when it spots predator.
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