细菌当然没有突触或神经细胞。
但是这并未证明包含此基因的脊髓神经元或神经细胞是专门针对瘙痒的。
But that didn't prove that the spinal cord neurons, or nerve cells, that harbored this gene were itch-specific.
这层表面叫做大脑皮层，上面有大约1000亿个神经元，或神经细胞。
This surface is called the cerebral cortex and is home to about 100 billion neurons, or nerve cells.
随着我们变老，大脑里的神经细胞——或称神经元的数量在减少。
As we get older, the number of nerve cells - or neurons - in the brain decrease.
朱迪斯•思得克：首先要擦除血细胞的记忆，使其成为无记忆状态，然后你再控制它成为皮肤细胞、神经细胞或血细胞。
Judith Staerk: you erase the memory of the blood cell, and you bring it back to a state where there is no memory. You can tell that cell to become skin again, or a neuron, or a blood cell.
GABA是一种抑制剂，阻止神经元或大脑的神经细胞彼此连接。
It works as an inhibitor, preventing neurons - or the brain's nerve cells - from linking to each other.
这些神经细胞是束状脊髓神经的一部分，称为脊髓丘脑系统，或STT。
These neurons are part of a bundle of spinal neurons called the spinothalamic tract, or STT.
薄荷醇是一种从薄荷油中提炼或合成的一种混合物，它可以刺激大脑神经系统中对冷敏感的神经细胞。
Menthol is a compound extracted from mint oils or produced synthetically that activates cold-sensitive neurons in the nervous system.
离子通道是可以让带电粒子进入或离开细胞，产生电信号的一类蛋白，是神经细胞交流的基础。
An ion channel is a protein that lets charged particles enter or leave a cell to generate electrical signals, a basic process of nerve cell communication.
这样的结果就是大脑里充满了死亡或凋零中的神经细胞，还有无法正常运作的神经网络系统，进而破坏我们的认知能力。
The result is a brain full of dead and dying neurons, and the shutdown of neural connections leads to a drop in cognitive function.
这种细胞被发现存在于初成形的胚胎中，但它很快发生变化，转变成各种类型的细胞，诸如肌肉细胞、神经细胞、皮肤细胞或血细胞。
These cells are found in days-old embryos, but quickly differentiate -- becoming the various cell types from muscle to nerve to skin or blood.
然而，通过联合所有神经细胞的信号，在第二个区域中的细胞就可以对角落的信号做出反应或向任意方向运行。
By combining their signals, however, cells in the second area can respond to corners or bars in any orientation.
随着时间的推移，它通过消耗神经细胞中一种叫做P物质(或称肽物质，一种神经传递介质)的化学物质来减轻疼痛，该物质使痛觉信号沿神经末梢传递至大脑。
Over time, it short-circuits pain by depleting nerve cells of a chemical called substance p, which helps transfer pain signals along nerve endings to the brain.
第二大脑，约有一亿神经细胞，比脊髓或外周神经系统都要多，格申说。
The second brain contains some 100 million neurons, more than in either the spinal cord or the peripheral nervous system, Gershon says.
为了找出其它因素，研究者使用药物来增加或降低蛙胚胎神经细胞的电活动。
To find out, the researchers used drugs to increase and decrease the electrical activity in nerve cells of frog embryos.
目前为止，人们认为星形胶质细胞主要是帮助神经细胞，例如，支持神经细胞或促进突触成熟。
So far, astrocytes were mainly thought to aid nerve cells - for example by supporting them or by promoting the maturation of synapses.
当该蛋白质复合物正常发挥作用时，它使这些受体退回到神经细胞内-在此这些受体无法接受或响应有利突触生长的信号-在合适的时间内。
When the protein complex is working properly, it moves the receptors back inside the nerve cell - where they can no longer receive and respond to the pro-growth signal - at the appropriate time.
任何神经细胞都不能停止工作，它们一旦停下来就会衰退或死亡，要么它们就被附近的神经组织控制。
When any nerve cells are going spare they either degenerate and die off or they are colonised by other areas nearby.
GABA传递的是抑制信息：它告诉脑神经细胞放缓或停止兴奋的信息。
The message that GABA transmits is an inhibitory one: it tells the neurons that it contacts to slow down or stop firing.
但不是开辟大脑中的新领域，而是通过建立神经细胞间的新联系或去除不需要的联系。
But we are not tapping into a new area of the brain. We create new connections between nerve cells or lose old connections that we no longer need.
刺激被传到丘脑底核或内苍白球的其中一个区域来影响这些区域的神经细胞的活动。
Stimulation is delivered to one of two regions in the brain known as the subthalamic nucleus or the globus pallidus interna to influence nerve cell activity in these regions.
但是病毒一旦与神经细胞结合或进人神经细胞，抗血清就无法发挥中和作用。
But virus, once or enters the person nerve cell with the nerve cell union, the antiserum is unable to play the neutralization.
这提供了一个理论依据，即在大脑损伤或创伤后，改变神经细胞特定的信号传导通路能预防患者癫痫发作的科学基础。
This provides a 'proof of concept' that altering specific signaling pathways in nerve cells after a brain insult or injury could provide a scientific basis for treating patients to prevent epilepsy.
研究结果刊登在《神经细胞》 期刊上，科学家警告人们在开车或开飞机等复杂情况中不要一心多用。
The findings, published in the journal Neuron, have important implications for motoring safety and work within complex environments such as an aircraft cockpit, said the researchers.
少量的神经细胞瘤可能会累及脑实质或脊髓，又被称为脑室外中枢神经细胞瘤，预后更差。
In rare cases tumors with neurocytoma features may involve the brain parenchyma or spinal cord and are referred to as extraventricular central neurocytomas. These have a worse prognosis.
事实上，这两个研究小组正计划在针对线虫大脑神经细胞的一项具体研究上合作，旨在通过微小的激光闪烁来激活单个神经元或使其失活。
Indeed, the two are planning to collaborate on a detailed study of neural cells in the nematode brain, aiming to activate or deactivate individual neurons in precise ways with tiny laser flashes.
洛贝林可通过抑制多巴胺转运蛋 白的转运功能而上调突触间歇多巴胺的浓度，能够阻止或减缓神经细胞凋亡速度，而且副作用小。
The lobeline up-regulates the concentration of synapse intermission DA by inhibiting the transport of DAT, so the apoptosis speed of a nerve cell can be stopped or retarded with little adverse effect.
而大脑皮质的神经细胞具有相当高的耐受性，一般情况下并不容易引起神经衰弱或衰竭。
The nerve cells in the cerebral cortex has a very high tolerance, under normal circumstances is not likely to cause nervous breakdown or failure.
而大脑皮质的神经细胞具有相当高的耐受性，一般情况下并不容易引起神经衰弱或衰竭。
The nerve cells in the cerebral cortex has a very high tolerance, under normal circumstances is not likely to cause nervous breakdown or failure.
应用推荐