性传播感染和预防妇女严重并发症
性传播感染和怀孕的不良结果
艾滋病毒和性传播感染的检测和咨询。
性传播感染由细菌、病毒和寄生虫引起。
STIs are caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites. Some of the most common infections are below.
性传播感染的传统诊断方法是实验室检测。
The traditional method of diagnosing STIs is by laboratory tests.
性传播感染综合征和从综合征着手的患者管理。
STI syndromes and the syndromic approach to patient management.
问；在中国，艾滋病毒和性传播感染防治是否相结合了？
因此，及时治疗性传播感染，对于减少艾滋病毒感染风险至关重要。
Thus, prompt treatment for STIs is important to reduce the risk of HIV infection.
因此，及时治疗性传播感染，对于减少艾滋病毒感染的风险至关重要。
Prompt treatment for STIs is thus important to reduce the risk of HIV infection.
未经治疗的性传播感染会对生殖、孕产妇和新生儿健康产生重大影响。
Untreated STIs can have critical implications for reproductive, maternal and newborn health.
问：在性传播感染和/艾滋病毒的有效预防、关怀和治疗方面有哪些挑战？
Q: What are the challenges in effective prevention, care and treatment for STIs and/or HIV?
否则，不孕夫妇会将自己置于性传播感染，包括艾滋病毒感染的风险之下。
Otherwise, infertile couples put themselves at risk of STIs, including HIV infection.
世界卫生大会在2006年5月批准了预防和控制性传播感染的全球战略。
The World Health Assembly endorsed the global strategy for the prevention and control of STIs in May 2006.
在过去二十年里，这一趋势成为性传播感染在中国死灰复燃的一个主要因素。
This trend over the past two decades is a major factor in the resurgence of STIs in China.
控制性传播感染对于防止在高危人群以及一般人群中传播艾滋病毒也很重要。
Controlling STIs is important for preventing HIV in people at high risk, as well as in the general population.
使包括私立部门和社区在内的所有利益相关方参与性传播感染的预防和治疗。
Involvement of all relevant stakeholders, including the private sector and the community, in prevention and care of STIs.
答：在中国，艾滋病毒与其他性传播感染在病例发现和医疗服务上的结合是薄弱的。
A: the link between HIV care and detection services for other STIs in China is weak.
这一数据不包括艾滋病毒和其他对全世界个人和社区造成持续不良影响的性传播感染。
This does not include HIV and other STIs which continue to adversely affect the lives of individuals and communities worldwide.
如何将性传播感染和艾滋病毒的发现与治疗相结合，记者崔伟元就这一问题采访了陈祥生教授。
Reporter Cui Weiyuan talks to Professor Xiang-Sheng Chen about how detection and care of STIs can and should be linked to that of HIV.
未经治疗的性传播感染与新生儿先天性和围产期感染有关联，在感染率依然很高的地区尤其如此。
Untreated STIs are associated with congenital and perinatal infections in neonates, particularly in regions where rates of infection remain high.
1990年以来，对出现与特定性传播感染的确定体征和症状相一致的患者，世卫组织推荐采用从综合征着手的方法诊断和管理这些患者的性传播感染。
Since 1990 WHO has recommended a syndromic approach to diagnosis and management of STIs in patients presenting with consistently recognized signs and symptoms of particular STIs.
我们只需要在四个国家的有限地区以及重新被感染的其它少数地区阻断野生脊灰病毒的地方性传播。
We need to interrupt endemic transmission of wild poliovirus in limited areas within just four countries and a few other areas that have been reinfected.
通常无法识别感染者，因为许多性传播疾病没有症状，至少在初期是没有症状的。
You can't always tell if someone is infected, however, because many STDs cause no symptoms, at least at first.
2010年的一项瑞典研究提示：一些国家发病率不断提高的口咽部鳞癌事实上是由HPV感染慢性传播诱发的。
A 2010 Swedish study, in fact, suggested that the rise in oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer in a number of countries "is caused by a slow epidemic of HPV infection-induced (cancers)."
看起来二战期间的纽约却截然相反：1943年，有3662名纽约的士兵报告他们感染了某种形式的性传播疾病。
In New York during the second world war, it appears the opposite plan was in effect: in 1943 3,662 soldiers reported that they had contracted some form of venereal disease in the city.
印度超过南非成为世界上HIV人数最多的国家，然而当美国的性传播疾病上升时，HIV感染率是稳定的。
India surpasses South Africa as the world's largest HIV population and in the US infection rates of HIV are steady while STDs are on the rise.
尽管人源性传播依然很少见，但人感染病例的致死率超过60%。
Although human-to-human transmission has remained limited, the fatality rate among those reported human cases is greater than 60%.
结论血透患者感染HCV的主要原因为输血，同时在血透环境中亦可能存在HCV感染的医源性传播途径。
Conclusion Blood transfusion was the primary risk factor for HCV infection in HD patients, but iatrogenic transmission of HCV through HD environment could also exist.
与女性相比，男性被感染疾病更多，同时他们也比女性传播疾病更多。
Studies have shown that males, compared to females, experience more bouts of disease, and account for a larger share of disease transmission.
与女性相比，男性被感染疾病更多，同时他们也比女性传播疾病更多。
Studies have shown that males, compared to females, experience more bouts of disease, and account for a larger share of disease transmission.
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