而且渠道决策对于生产商比渠道成员具有更长久的约束性。
And the channel decision of a company have more long-last restriction than channel member for the producer.
对于生产商来说，商效率和高质量的包装机械设备是致胜的基本要素。
High efficiency and capacity of packaging machinery are the winning factors for manufacturers.
在通货膨胀方面，对于生产商来说，脆弱的全球环境使他们难以利用增加生产成本或减少商品成本来控制局面，所以这也加剧了对通货膨胀的担忧。
On the inflation front, the weak global environment has made it hard for producers to pass on cost increases and declines in commodity cost have also helped to ease inflation fears.
不过，这对于服装生产商也许鲜有慰藉作用，即便他们仍要应付萧条的消费境况，但也不得不涨价。
That may be little consolation to apparel producers, who have been forced to raise prices even as they're still coping with the sluggish consumer.
所以问题很自然就出现了：对于从生产商到经销商再到商店和货架的整个供应链，如何进行优化？
So very naturally the question arises: How can the supply chain from the manufacturer to the distributor onto the store and onto the shelf be optimized?
同时，此举也引起人们对于国家是否应该以公共财政援助汽车生产商，或是这种国家援助是否会歪曲竞争等问题的小型辩论。
It prompted little debate over whether the state should bail out car manufacturers with public money, or even whether such state aid would distort competition.
对于UNIX操作系统，所有补丁和更新包都由特定unix品牌的生产商处理。
With UNIX operating systems, patches and fixes are all handled by the manufacturer of the specific brand of UNIX.
对于绝大部分应用开发商，乃至任何内容生产商而言，这样的市场饱和度都是可望而不可及的。
It's the kind of market saturation most app makers — content makers of any kind, really — only dream of.
对于那些还没过够“奥巴马瘾”的人来说，现在有个好机会，日本一家面具生产商能让你一尝扮成奥巴马的滋味。
For those who just can't get enough of US president-elect Barack Obama, a Japanese mask-maker is giving thousands of people the chance to be his spitting image.
如此一来，新兴市场对于老牌生产商来说就变得至关重要，随之而来的便是就此展开的竞争：为争夺当地合作伙伴的竞争，为生产能够迎合亚洲和南美洲新买家的汽车而竞争。
Now that these emerging markets have started to matter, the established carmakers are racing to find local partners and produce vehicles that will appeal to new buyers in Asia and South America.
苹果公司(Apple Inc .)的法律攻击并未冷却手机生产商对于[gm 66nd]公司([gm 99nd]Inc .)的Android操作系统的狂热。
A legal assault by Apple Inc. hasn't cooled any of the fervor among makers of mobile phones for [gm99nd] Inc. 's Android operating system.
同时，对于CD或DVD，自动运行（AutoPlay）会按照生产商的要求，继续提供安装或运行程序的选项。
Meanwhile, AutoPlay will continue to give you the option on CDs and DVDs to install or run a program of the manufacturer's choice
对于软件生产商来说，这意味着在设计和构建软件系统时需要考虑适应性技术的需求。
For software producers, this means considering the needs of assistive technologies when designing and building software systems.
尽管产品召回对于汽车生产商来说是家常便饭，不过停止市场销售却是非常罕见。
Although recalls are a routine matter for carmakers, taking cars off the market is not.
许多人对于自己喝的是改头换面后身价百倍的自来水感到大吃一惊，但是并没有规定要求生产商必须在标签上注明水源。
Most people are surprised to learn that they're drinking glorified tap water, but bottlers aren't required to list the source on the label.
亨利克·菲斯克：这是最好的时机，尤其对于有环境意识的汽车生产商更是如此。
Henrik Fisker: It's the perfect time. Especially for an environmentally minded automaker.
然而，对于经济领域中大多数商品生产商和服务供应商来说，如何确定“标牌”价格，决定何时以及向谁提供折扣，仍然是无法推卸的重任。
For most goods and services in the economy, however, producers are still burdened with the responsibility of setting a "list" price and then deciding when - and to whom - to offer discounts.
是的，生产商们似乎得到了和易教授同样的结论：对于高端商品来说，仿冒品的出现不仅仅是对正品最好的恭维，而且它能实实在在的提高正品的销量。
The manufacturers seem to have come to the same conclusion Qian did: For top-of-the-line products, imitation isn't merely flattery—it's also good for business.
对于这种吗啡配方，在批准之前，生产商必须制定安全方案，以解决误用、滥用和过量使用吗啡等已知风险。
For this formulation of morphine, the manufacturer had to develop a safety program prior to approval to address the known risks of morphine misuse, abuse and overdose.
对于材料生产商质量体系认证而言，什么是权力机构认证？
What is a "competent body" for the certification of the quality (assurance) systems of material manufacturers?
这对于电脑生产商来说要冒巨大风险，但他们对于新兴芯片的胃口也同样巨大，还是购买了386处理器。
This was a huge risk for computer-makers, but such was their appetite for the new chip that they bought it anyway.
所以当时的苹果公司相对于今天处在非常尴尬的位置，那时候我供职于Compaq公司，它曾经是世界上最大的个人电脑生产商。
So Apple was in a very different place than it is today, and my employer at the time, Compaq computer, was the largest personal computer company in the world.
常青太阳能公司关闭马萨诸塞州的工厂对于其雇员来说显然不是好事，但是总体上，对于美国生产商的工人未必是坏事，这一点还不是完全清楚的。
Moreover, while the shutdown is clearly bad for employees at Evergreen's Devens, Mass., plant, it's not entirely clear that it's bad for U.S. manufacturing workers in general.
常青太阳能公司关闭马萨诸塞州的工厂对于其雇员来说显然不是好事，但是总体上，对于美国生产商的工人未必是坏事，这一点还不是完全清楚的。
Moreover, while the shutdown is clearly bad for employees at Evergreen's Devens, Mass., plant, it's not entirely clear that it's bad for U.S. manufacturing workers in general.
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