首先我们从名字上开始分析，所谓“法线”指的是垂直于平面的向量，我们使用这个来计算光照。
Let's break the name down. The "normal" is a vector perpendicular to a surface, which we can use to calculate lighting.
通常臂架自振频率的计算多关注于工作平面，而对垂直于工作平面的臂架自振频率的计算则被忽视。
The existing calculations for free frequency of the jib involve the vibration in the working plane and the vibration in the direction perpendicular to the working plane is usually neglected.
本文讨论了指向定点及垂直指向定直线或定平面的力的作功问题，并给出了一个统一的计算公式。
This paper discusses the problems of doing work by the forces pointing at the definite point or vertically at the definite line or plane. And a calculating formula is given.
本文讨论了指向定点及垂直指向定直线或定平面的力的作功问题，并给出了一个统一的计算公式。
This paper discusses the problems of doing work by the forces pointing at the definite point or vertically at the definite line or plane. And a calculating formula is given.
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