最后，着重讨论了上地幔与全地幔对流的论争。
The issue of upper vs whole mantle convection is critically discussed.
至今还没有完整理论阐明板块运动的驱动力和地幔对流机制。
No comprehensive theory accounts satisfactorily for the driven force of plate motion and mechanism of mantle convection.
软流圈上涌高度，莫霍面或地幔羽的位置是地幔对流的具体的表现。
The mantle convection is the primary driving force for the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins, and manifested in the position of the asthenosphere, Moho discontinuity and mantle plume.
这与用其它资料分析的结果一致，可能的机制是岩石圈板块运动和地幔对流。
It is consistent with the results obtained from other data. The possible mechanism is lithosphere plate motion and mantle flow.
无论是简单的全地幔对流模型或分层地幔对流模型，都不能完全解释全部观测事实。
Simple models, no matter whole mantle convection model, or layered mantle convection model, cannot explain all the observations.
地幔柱构造是基于全地幔对流模式、主要依据热点火山活动提出的新的全球构造理论。
Plume tectonic is a new global tectonic theory that was proposed based on whole mantle convection and hotspot volcanisms.
地震学、地球动力学研究倾向于全地幔对流模型；地球化学研究则支持分层地幔对流。
Seismological and geodynamical evidences supported whole mantle convection model, while geochemical ones supported layered convection model.
首先对地幔对流、大陆漂移和地震起源的机制做了尝试性分析，给出一个简单的力学解释。
A tentative analysis of the mechanism of mantle circulation flow, continent drifting and earthquake origin is first clearly made, giving a simple mechanics-based explanation of the nature.
地幔对流的垂直运动与水平运动分量的比率，决定了逆冲、引张与走滑型强震的能量释放份额。
The ratio of poloidal to toroidal component of mantle convection determined the proportion of seismic energy released in the thrust, normal, or strike-slip earthquakes.
另一种可能是下沉的板块冷却了邻近的地幔，并产生对流，使板块移动。
Another possibility is that the sinking plate cools the neighboring mantle and produces convection currents that move the plates.
地幔，这种物质可以在板块边界处下沉，然后向上回流到较远的地方，再与地壳相碰撞——这个过程被称为小规模的对流。
Mantle material can sink at a plate boundary, and then flow back upward farther away, pushing on the crust - a process called small scale convection.
地幔，这种物质可以在板块边界处下沉，然后向上回流到较远的地方，再与地壳相碰撞——这个过程被称为小规模的对流。
Mantle material can sink at a plate boundary, and then flow back upward farther away, pushing on the crust - a process called small scale convection.
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