从小在双语环境下长大的孩子必须关注社交线索，以弄明白在什么环境下与什么人交流该使用哪种语言。
Young children being raised bilingual have to follow social cues to figure out which language to use with which person and in what setting.
为什么英语现在被视为如此有声望的语言，以至于在全球范围内，如果个人和团体没有掌握这门语言，就会感到自身处于不利地位？
Why is English now considered to be so prestigious that, across the globe, individuals and societies feel disadvantaged if they do not have competence in this language?
这就是为什么在许多语言中，“五”一词从“手”一词中衍生而来。
This is why the word "five" in many languages is derived from the word for "hand."
亲切简洁的语言不仅彰显了你简明的个性，不会被误认为是在胡扯，还让对方知道你是一个知道自己想要什么的人。
Keeping things short and sweet not only shows people that you are concise and don't waffle, but that you also know what you want.
例如，用来描述“客户是什么”和“客户如何分类”的语言常常是与业务相关的，在公司的各个部门之间可能有差异。
For example, the language used to describe what a customer is and how to categorize a customer is often business-specific, and it might differ between company divisions.
但是，在非编译语言，例如php中，会发生什么？
But what happens in a language that doesn't compile, such as PHP?
对我而言，在需要学习一门新语言时，我可以从头到尾阅读一本教科书，但一周之后我就会完全忘记书里讲了些什么。
For me, when it comes to learning a new language, I can read a textbook from cover to cover, but a week later I've forgotten it all.
在支持的语言中进行函数编码是什么样的呢？
What does functional coding look like in a language that does?
在程序中，数值类型很常见，不管使用的是什么语言。
Numeric types are common in programs, regardless of the language used.
在什么年龄开始学第二门语言才能够产生推迟痴呆症的效果也是未知的。
The age at which the second language needs to be acquired to yield the protective effect is also unknown.
在设计新语言功能时，很难预测开发人员将用它们做什么、它们将如何变更编码模式或者哪些方法会使开发人员在它们的缺点上受挫。
When designing new language features, it's hard to predict what developers will do with them, how they will change coding patterns, or in what ways developers will be frustrated by their shortcomings.
具体情况——使用哪一种语言、使用什么样的编程环境、在什么地方工作——都不如工作本身带来的热情和兴趣重要。
The nuts-and-bolts -- which language you use, what programming environment you use, where you do your work -- are not as important as the passion and interest you bring to the work itself.
他们的第一次遭遇发生在他在1980年代访问肯尼亚的时候：他们没什么共同语言，不过她始终忘不掉他的声音。
The first encounter came when he visited Kenya in the 1980s: they had no language in common but she can't forget his voice.
我们用自然语言交谈，如果语法错误，我们就不得其意；类似地，如果我们在计算机中键入“=LET2X”，计算机也不知道该做什么。信息在那里，可惜语法错了。
In the same way as with a human language, if we get the grammar wrong and say typed '=LET 2 X' the computer wouldn't know what to do, the information is there but the grammar is wonky.
在了解动态语言开发人员为什么这么热衷于测试之后，现在是构建一个需要一些真正测试的实际应用程序的时候了。
Now that you know why dynamic language developers are passionate about testing, it's time to build a real application that needs some real tests.
在法国长大的孩子，或者在俄罗斯长大的孩子，完全能够区分出什么是他的语言，什么不是？
And a baby being raised in France or a baby being raised in Russia knows enough to tell what's his language and what isn't.
这种错误非常明显：人弄出来的东西在设计都会有优有劣；为什么当问题涉及到编程语言时，事情就变的扯不清楚？
Obviously that's false: anything else people make can be well or badly designed; why should this be uniquely impossible for programming languages?
MF：无论什么时候，如果要讨论领域特定语言的优缺点，我都要强调每一个领域特定语言只是在某个开发库或者框架之上的一层薄薄的皮而已（我们称之为语义模型）。
MF: Whenever we talk about the pros and cons of DSL usage, I always stress that a DSL is nothing more than a thin veneer over a library or framework (which we refer to as a Semantic Model).
当然，至少是那些企图理解当Ruby在Rail程序中运行时发生了什么事情的人需要C语言。
Well, at least those people who want to understand something of what's going on when the Ruby on Rails program runs.
InfoQ：Groovy在创建领域特定语言(DSL)方面扮演了什么角色？
InfoQ: What role does Groovy play in creating the Domain Specific Languages (DSLs)?
我认为这就是Pynchon带来的对语言，能够做什么和这本书是为了什么的思考，我在今天的开始就说过，现在再提一下。
So, I think this is what Pynchon brings to the string of meditations on what language can do, and what the novel is for, that I began my lecture today with, just recapping for you.
对聪明人来说，世界上六千种语言，为什么学习一种在某一欧洲小国及其原殖民地使用的语言具有如此重要的意义？
Out of the 6000 languages in the world, why is it so vital for smart people to learn the one spoken in one small European country of ever-waning influence and its former colonies?
在福克斯创建这种语言之后三年，您为什么要接任这种语言的主要维护者？
Why did you take over as the language's primary maintainer 3 years after Fox created the language?
JVM的基本规则依然有效：Person的继承类在构造时向基类传递某些内容，而不管语言强调的是什么。
The basic rules of the JVM are still at work: derived classes of Person have to pass something up to the base class when constructed, regardless of what the language insists.
在HTML语言问世20余年后的今天，人们却仍在探究着以下问题：什么是网络？
More than two decades after HTML wasintroduced, we’re still asking questions about what the web is, and what itmight become.
在HTML语言问世20余年后的今天，人们却仍在探究着以下问题：什么是网络？
More than two decades after HTML wasintroduced, we’re still asking questions about what the web is, and what itmight become.
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