在资助政策的推动下，2007年有一半的欧洲研究论文有国际合作作者，这是20年前水平的两倍多。
Spurred on by funding policies, half of the European research articles had international co-authors in 2007, this is more than twice the level of two decades ago.
没有参加创作的人，不能成为合作作者。
Any person who has not participated in the creation of the work may not claim the co-authorship.
“如果水质没有有效改善，水生物将会大批死亡，”杜先生以及他的合作作者写到。
"If the water quality cannot be ameliorated effectively, the aquatic life populations will be further decimated," Mr. Du and his co-authors wrote.
欧文小组和他们的合作者们正在测试是否用激光更好。
The Irvine group and their collaborators are testing whether lasers do the job better.
通过操纵每种情况下提供的资金数量，科恩和他的合作者可以观察到这种神经拉锯战的展开。
By manipulating the amount of money on offer in each situation, Cohen and his collaborators could watch this neural tug of war unfold.
合作者、寻求建议者、懒惰者和孤独者有不同的工作风格，但每个人都知道帮助他或她完成工作的习惯。
Collaborators, advice-seekers, slackers and loners have different work styles, but each knows the work habits that help him or her to get the job done.
米拉及其合作者指出，这些早期模型确实有些严重的局限性。
Mira and co point out that these early models had some serious limitations.
标识创建或获取合作者的代码的所有出现。
Identify all occurrences of code that create or obtain the collaborator.
她写了出版社、插画家、合作者以及狄更斯所有的朋友和家人的兴趣圈。
She writes of publishers, illustrators, collaborators and all Dickens's intersecting circles of friends and family.
你产品或者是服务的潜在购买者就在你的身边——朋友，合作者，教堂的成员等等。
Potential buyers of your goods or services are all around you — friends, co-workers, church members and so on.
史密斯和他的合作者的研究表明：到达深海的食物的数量随着时间发生巨大的变化。
Research by Smith and his coauthors has shown that the amount of food reaching the deep sea varies dramatically over time.
抒情诗人欧文·凯撒偶然听到他弹奏钢琴并觉得他很像自己以前的合作者乔治·格什温。
Lyricist Irving Caesar happened to hear him play the piano and thought he resembled his former collaborator George Gershwin.
他和其他合作者报告说红色车招虫子。
He and several collaborators reported that red cars attract insects.
或就象许多迈克尔的合作者所说，称它为“爱的义务”，这种情怀贯穿了整个专辑。
Or call it, as many of Michael's collaborators have: "a labor of love." That sentiment certainly shines through on the record.
吉尔先生的合作者认为他的新作和以往的作品并没有很大的背离。
Mr. Gilb’s collaborators say they do not necessarily see his new work as a major departure.
NIST员工和合作者还扩展了频率梳的广度。
NIST staff and collaborators also have extended the reach of frequency combs.
两周结束的时候，我发出了第一条推特，来邀请合作者。
At the end of that two weeks, I wrote the first tweet, which was inviting coworkers.
例如，可以更改方法签名，以便传入合作者对象。
For instance, you may change the method signature so that the collaborator object is passed in.
你肯定多次目睹人们如何利用任务力促进或阻碍合作者与其他人。
As you have undoubtedly witnessed on many occasions, people can facilitate or impede the efforts of their coworkers and others through the application of task power.
模仿对象：遵循模仿对象模式的合作者的子类(或实现)。
Mock object: a subclass (or implementation) of the collaborator that follows the mock object pattern.
它应该允许动态替换相容的合作者。
It should allow the dynamic substitution of compatible partners.
这意味着合作者的机会只会出现在他们的成熟模型的应用与数据层上。
This means partner opportunities are available only at the application and data levels of their maturity models.
指派任务如果你有下属或者合作者，那么你可以尝试去指派任务。
Delegate. If you have subordinates or coworkers who can do a task or project, try to delegate it.
他们提出，可以通过对“相关角色”——供应商，合作者，顾客等等，关系的重新配置来达到这一效果。
This they could do by reconfiguring roles and relationships between “a constellation of actors” —suppliers, partners, customers, and so on.
为完成实现，需要包装并连接到外部的合作者服务和规则。
To complete the implementation requires wrapping of and connecting to external partner services and rules.
我们与公众以及我们的合作者联系，这样我们就能资源共享，一同努力，共同寻找解决方案。
We're reaching out to the public and our partners so that we can share information, work together and find joint solutions.
因为对合作者而言，他们得到的分数都是相同的，从这个角度看它可以被称作为公共品。 而这种论文的质量依赖每个合作者的努力。
This is a public good because the grade given to the paper is the same for each author, and the quality of the paper depends on the sum of the efforts of the individual authors.
因为对合作者而言，他们得到的分数都是相同的，从这个角度看它可以被称作为公共品。 而这种论文的质量依赖每个合作者的努力。
This is a public good because the grade given to the paper is the same for each author, and the quality of the paper depends on the sum of the efforts of the individual authors.
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