环状加厚：原生木质部导管和管胞的内层环状増厚。
Annular thickening rings of thickening laid down on the inner wall of protoxylem vessels and tracheids.
以结构的总重量最小为优化目标，以导管的平均直径和壁厚作为设计变量，考虑强度、刚度和稳定等约束条件。
Total weight of the structure was selected to be optimal objectives. Average diameter and wall thickness of the structural element were taken as design variables.
以结构的总重量最小和结构的总应变能最大为优化目标，以导管的平均直径和壁厚作为设计变量，考虑强度、刚度和稳定等约束条件。
Total weight and seismic strain energy of the structure were selected to be optimal objectives. Average diameter and wall thickness of the structural element were taken as design variables.
初生根解剖结构分析表明，抗旱性强的品种表现为初生根直径大，皮层厚，中央大导管直径小。
The anatomy structure photos of primal root showed the stronger drought-resistance varieties had the bigger diameter of primal root, the thicker cortex and smaller diameter of the main xylem vessel.
金属导管严禁对口熔焊连接，镀锌或壁厚小于等于2毫米钢导管不得套管连接；
Butt fusion connection is banned for metallic conduit, and bush connection is banned for galvanized steel conduit, or steel conduit with wall thickness of 2 mm and below;
金属导管严禁对口熔焊连接，镀锌或壁厚小于等于2毫米钢导管不得套管连接；
Butt fusion connection is banned for metallic conduit, and bush connection is banned for galvanized steel conduit, or steel conduit with wall thickness of 2 mm and below;
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