人工器官可以利用人类的羊水和动物的胚胎细胞在实验室创造出来。
The artificial organs were created in a laboratory using human amniotic fluid and animal foetal cells.
哺乳动物的胚胎植入是生殖过程的一个重要环节，是妊娠的关键。
Mammalian embryo implantation is an important step of the reproductive process, and is critical to pregnancy.
我还可以看着某种动物的胚胎告诉你它以后最大的本能是狂吠还是发出咕噜声。
You can tell if an animal's greatest fulfillment will be to bark or purr by just looking at its embryo.
因此，那些来自克隆动物的胚胎，目前所使用的这些，进口到英国是行得通的。
Hence embryos from cloned animals, such as those that were used in the present case, are available for import into the UK.
肤细胞是黑素细胞，在哺乳动物的胚胎中，黑素细胞源自制造出脊髓和大脑的同组细胞。
The skin cells that produce melanin are known as melanocytes. In the embryos of mammals, the melanocytes originate from the same group of cells that produces the spinal cord and the brain.
在北美，南美以及其他一些地方生产的精子和克隆动物胚胎，其在国际范围内的交易已经无法加以有效监管。
The international trade in semen and embryos from cloned animals created in north and south America and beyond was effectively impossible to police.
近一个世纪前，生物学家发现，如果他们在无脊椎动物胚胎生命的早期阶段将其分成两部分，它会存活下来并发育成两个正常的胚胎。
Nearly a century ago, biologists found that if they separated an invertebrate animal embryo into two parts at an early stage of its life, it would survive and develop as two normal embryos.
人类是不对称的动物，在我们胚胎发育的早期，心脏就转向了左边，肺则往右长，而且左、右肺具有完全不同的结构。
Humans are asymmetric animals. Early in our embryonic development, the heart turns to the left. The liver develops on the right. The left and right lungs have distinct structure.
由于动物和动物胚胎随着时间变得更加复杂了，这些细胞和细胞之间的相互作用也越来越让人印象深刻。
As animals, and hence animal embryos, complexified over time, these cell-to-cell interactions have become increasingly impressive.
这种动物是科学家胚胎学试验的最爱，因此它的基因组序列已被测出（恰好，部分是由霍夫曼博士测得），所以对它早已了解的一清二楚。
This animal is a scientists' favourite for embryological experiments, and has thus had its genome sequenced (in part by Dr Hofmann, as it happens), so it is well understood.
科学家们发现只需向动物胚胎中注射另一物种的干细胞，他们便能创造出一种拥有另一物种器官的嵌合体动物。
Scientists have found they can create chimeric animals that have organs belonging to another species by injecting stem cells into the embryo of another species.
就是有某些基因，如果强制开启或者关闭，会对动物和发育中的胚胎造成伤害。
There are just some genes that are on, and some that are off, that are not good for the animal, for the developing embryo.
这个机制在哺乳动物中还未被理解，但是从试管受精研究可以知道，高血糖水平可以促进生长和男性胚胎的发育，却抑制女性胚胎的发育。
The mechanism is not yet understood in mammals, but it is known from IVF research that high levels of glucose encourage the growth and development of male embryos while inhibiting female embryos.
通常一只还未出生的实验室老鼠很难引人关注，除非这个长毛的动物将是首个用干细胞培育出的老鼠（不涉及胚胎版细胞）。
The birth of yet another laboratory mouse is hardly worth noting — unless the furry creature is the first to be developed from stem cells that do not involve embryonic cells.
由于之前从人类身上获取干细胞的报道被证明是造假，所以这是第一次灵长类动物胚胎被克隆成功。
The result was thus the first primate embryos to have been cloned, as earlier reports of human cloning turned out to have been fraudulent.
布朗支持想要创造混合胚胎的科学家。这混合胚胎，由人的细胞核植入动物卵细胞，经过几天的发育而成。
Brown supports scientists who want to create hybrid embryos in which the nuclei of human cells are inserted into animal eggs and allowed to grow for a few days.
当哺乳动物捕获这个基因，利用它在胎盘产生一层融合细胞，通过这层细胞母亲能够将营养物质输送给她们的胚胎。
When mammals captured the gene, they used it in the placenta to create a layer of fused cells through which mothers can send nutrients to their embryos.
爬行动物身上同样存在基板，但在胚胎阶段时，它们只会触发基板后延的皮肤细胞基因进行增殖，并最终形成鳞片。
Reptiles have placodes too. But in a reptile embryo each placode switches on genes that cause only the skin cells on the back edge of the placode to grow, eventually forming scales.
这是因为大部分胚胎化石只保存了动物的空壳，里面一无所有。
That's because most embryo fossils preserve only the outline of the animal, with nothing inside.
然而令Loring惊喜的是，相应的人类基因确实能把这两种动物的细胞转换成称为诱导多能干细胞(iPS细胞)的类胚胎干细胞。
To Loring's surprise, however, the corresponding human genes did transform both animals' cells into embryonic-like stem cells called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells).
绒毛膜：在爬行类动物、鸟类及哺乳类动物中包含胚胎的外膜，在有胎盘哺乳动物中与胎盘的发育有关。
Chorion: the outer membrane enclosing the embryo in reptiles birds and mammals. in placental mammals it contributes to the development of the placenta.
绒毛膜：在爬行类动物，鸟类及哺乳类动物中包含胚胎的外膜，在有胎盘哺乳动物中与胎盘的发育有关。
Chorion: the outer membrane enclosing the embryo in reptiles birds and mammals. in placental mammals it contributes to the development of the placenta.
还有一点需要指出的是，目前对动物进行的克隆已产生形体异常硕大的后代。这意味着母亲和任何潜在的胚胎的健康都将面临严重的威胁。
Abnormally large progeny have resulted in animal cloning done to date, which suggests that there are serious risks to the health of the mother and any potential embryo.
按照供体细胞的不同，哺乳动物核移植研究可分为两种：胚胎细胞核移植和体细胞核移植。
According to the different donor types, mammalian nuclear transfer can be divided into two kinds: embryonic nuclear transfer and somatic nuclear transfer.
从哺乳动物早期发育阶段的胚胎中可以得到胚胎干细胞。
Embryonic Stem cells(ES)can be derived from the early stage embryos of mammiferous animals.
即使是克隆不那么高等的动物(例如绵羊、兔子和狗)，科学家们也投入了好多年的心血，而且在成果出来前耗费了无数的卵细胞和无数的畸形胚胎。
Even the cloning of less-complicated creatures — from sheep to rabbits and dogs — required years of tweaking, and lots of wasted eggs and deformed fetuses, before it worked.
胚胎干细胞的发现为研究细胞分化，动物和人发育机制，阐明基因功能，筛选药物，细胞治疗疑难杂症等开辟了广阔的空间。
It is becoming a useful tool for studying cell differentiation, the mechanism of development, gene function, medicine selection, cell therapy and so on.
绒毛位于胚胎的外侧面，在哺乳动物称为腹节，表现出典型的环行运动，将化学物质引导到机体的左侧面。
Cilia on the outer surface of the embryo's underside, an area called the ventral node in mammals, exhibit a characteristic twirling movement that wafts chemical messengers over to the left side.
绒毛位于胚胎的外侧面，在哺乳动物称为腹节，表现出典型的环行运动，将化学物质引导到机体的左侧面。
Cilia on the outer surface of the embryo's underside, an area called the ventral node in mammals, exhibit a characteristic twirling movement that wafts chemical messengers over to the left side.
应用推荐