第五宗罪：分子基因战化石，酱汤理论是末日。
Fifth SINS: molecular genetic warfare fossils, miso soup theory is the end.
白血病细胞的分子基因分析和宿主的遗传药理研究是进一步改善预后的基础。
Molecular genetic analyses of leukemic cells and pharmacogenetic studies of the host are providing a rational base for further improvement of treatment efficacy and the reduction of complications.
在解剖阴性者中进行分子基因筛查，对解释病因和SCD危险分层有重要作用。
Molecular genetic screening in negative autopsy cases can play an important role in explaining the cause of SCD and risk stratification of SCD.
在分子基因研究报告中，数据通常强调的是P -值，例如通过改变，值是否能增加。
In reports of molecular genetic studies, the statistic that is most often emphasised is the p-value, ie how probable it is that a result could have arisen by chance.
在这一情况下，编码一种受体分子基因的内部发生了变异——当这一受体发出信号时，尼古丁就与之结合。
In this case, the variation happens inside a gene for one of the receptor molecules that nicotine attaches itself to when it produces its buzz.
它们从15只婆罗洲巽他云豹和16只苏门答腊巽他云豹身上采样，做分子基因研究，以揭示它们的起源。
They sampled 15 Sunda clouded leopards living on Borneo and 16 living in Sumatra, conducting molecular and genetic studies to reveal their origin.
虽然这个发现的一些方面与已知的行为学和生理学工作相悖，分子基因技术的应用是了解颊窝如何工作的进步。
Although aspects of the findings contradict known behavioural and physiological work, the use of molecular genetic techniques is a new step in understanding how the facial pits work.
莎莉罗林斯基，内科助研， 雅各布乌咯斯金医学生，柳泽分子基因学教授与霍华德休斯医学研究院调查员；
Jakub Woloszyn, medical student; Dr. Masashi Yanagisawa, professor of molecular genetics and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator; and Dr.
目的：探讨以降钙素基因高度甲基化为白血病克隆的分子基因标志，检测白血病微量残留病，并预测预后的可能性。
Objective:To explore whether detecting minimal residual disease of leukemia with hyper-methylation of the calcitonin gene as molecular genetic marker of leukemic clone to predict the prognosis.
提示恶性肾肿瘤细胞中存在活化的细胞间粘附分子和血管细胞粘附分子基因，并可能影响肿瘤与宿主间的免疫反应。
These results suggest that there are active genes of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on malignant renal tumors and might be able to effect the host immune reaction.
在第二项研究中，由马里兰州贝塞斯达国家眼科协会的分子基因学家阿南德斯瓦鲁普领衔的研究小组确信在黄斑变性与LIPC之间的确存在与此前相同的关联。
In the second study, a team led by Anand Swaroop, a molecular geneticist at the National Eye Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, confirmed the same link between macular degeneration and LIPC.
如今，她们正试图弄清楚哪些分子信号转导过程激活了复苏植物的种子发育基因，以及如何将其复制到农作物上。
Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants—and how to reproduce them in crops.
对控制多趾的相关基因及其分子机制进行研究，有利于我们深入了解多指（趾）畸形的形成机制，揭示肢体发育的过程和机理。
Study the genes of polydactyly and molecular mechanism can help us to know how limbs form and reveal the producing process of limbs.
我们首先得做一个体外细胞培养实验，在动物模型中证明它的存在，然后开发出一种能影响突变基因产物的分子或蛋白质。
We have to do in-vitro cell culture experiments first, prove it in an animal model, and then develop a molecule or protein which will affect the mutated gene product.
每一个DNA分子中的基因都带着命令制造出一种独一无二的蛋白质。
Each gene in a DNA molecule carries the instructions for making a single kind of protein.
接着，他们用另外的工程删除在肺部接收胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素的感受器分子的基因。
Then they used additional engineering to delete the gene for the receptor molecule which picks up TSLP in the lungs.
使用人造生物学工具，可能DNA和蛋白质都可以丢弃了——RNA自身可以充当基因分子和催化剂两个角色。
Using the tools of synthetic biology, perhaps DNA and proteins can be discarded - RNA itself can act both as a genetic molecule and as a catalyst.
这种分子携带着基因上的指令，告诉细胞合成那类蛋白质。
This molecule carries instructions from the genes telling a cell which proteins to make.
哈佛大学的德里克·罗斯进行了相似的研究，他使用合成核糖核酸信使分子模仿病变基因的活动。
Derrick Rossi of Harvard University has performed a similar trick using synthetic RNA messenger molecules to mimic the activity of the genes in question.
他补充说，挑战在于这一相关性研究的下一步，即弄清楚这些变异基因如何可能导致分子老化过程的功能性变化。
He added that the challenge was to next move beyond this correlative study to figure out how these gene variations may lead to functional changes that contribute to the molecular process of aging.
当调控分子与这个开关dna结合时，相邻的基因便开始表达或终止表达。
When regulatory molecules bind to this switch DNA, the contiguous gene is either expressed or prevented from being expressed.
一个基因要起作用，必须通过信使分子将信息转录给细胞。
For a gene to do its work, it has to be transcribed into a molecular messenger.
当今现代生物技术时代之所以成为可能，是因为使用了分子技术在细胞间相互“切贴”基因。
The current era of modern biotechnology was made possible by the use of molecular techniques to "cut and paste" genes from one cell to another.
基因“开关”涉及乙酰化作用，也就是将乙酰基群在染色质的DNA水平上引入到分子中，由此完成基因转录。
The genetic switch involves acetylation, the introduction of an acetyl group into a molecule at the DNA level of chromatin resulting in genetic transcription.
所以，DNA分子中基因的工作就是告诉细胞制造为了身体正常运转所需的不同的的化学物(蛋白质)。
The job of genes in a DNA molecule, therefore, is to tell cells how to manufacture all the different chemical compounds (proteins) they need to make in order to function properly.
小队通过基因技术用其他细胞产生这种分子，也可以达到同样的效果。
The team also used genetic techniques to produce the molecule in another type of cell and showed that version had the same effect.
携带基因的DNA线型分子构成染色体，染色体端粒位于染色体末端。
The thread-like DNA molecules that carry genes are packed into chromosomes, the telomeres being the caps on their ends.
(也称基因工程、分子生物学技术或克隆)纯化、处理和使用遗传材料的技术总和。
(Also known as genetic engineering, molecular biology technology or cloning.) the collection of techniques that allow the purification, manipulation and use of genetic material.
另一种完全不同的方法是RNA干扰。它采用相对较新技术通过转录小rna分子来关闭各别基因。
A completely different approach is to use RNA interference, a relatively new technique for switching off individual genes by delivering short stretches of RNA.
科学家成功分离出这种小小的酶分子，基因学上称之为局部粘着激酶。
The scientists successfully identified the small enzyme molecule responsible, a gene called focal adhesion kinase.
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