你估算过这些提案所涉及的费用吗？
作为地质学家，我们研究地球表面的沉积层以估算过去地质时期的年代。
As geologists, we examine layers of sediment on the Earth' s surface to approximate the dates of past geologic time periods.
矩震级标度是从地震矩换算过来的，换算关系中地震应力降与剪切模量估算的不准确会对矩震级标度产生影响。
Moment magnitude is transformed from seismic moment, so the estimation inaccuracy of stress drop and shear modulus will affect moment magnitude scaling.
专家估算在工作量估算的实际运用中得到广泛的应用，但人们对其估算过程的透明性提出了更高的要求。
The technique of expert estimation is widely used in the domain of effort estimation, while in most cases the transparence of the estimate process is unsatisfactory.
这次研讨将会讨论这些挑战可能会如何影响成本估算过程和模型，并提供应对这种挑战的方法的实例。
This talk will discuss how these challenges will likely impact cost estimation processes and models, and provide examples of emerging approaches to the challenges.
因为如果他们审计正确，将会给功能点估算过程提供非常有价值的反馈。
If they are done appropriately they should provide valuable feedback on the function point counting process.
我们已经估算过，中国工业生产每下降1%，韩国对中国的出口量将下降1.5%。
We have estimated that each 1% decrease in China's industrial production will lead to a 1.5% decrease in Korea's exports to China.
在估算过程中的所有参数自动匹配。
All parameters match automatically in the estimation process.
在此基础上，结合电力信息网络对网络带宽的要求，提出了基于排队论和服务质量的网络带宽估算方法，并以IP电话为例，给出了详细的计算过程。
The prevailing electricity information network is a service network based on IP technology while incapable of satisfying the end-to-end quality of service(QoS)requirements of different applications.
在此基础上，结合电力信息网络对网络带宽的要求，提出了基于排队论和服务质量的网络带宽估算方法，并以IP电话为例，给出了详细的计算过程。
The prevailing electricity information network is a service network based on IP technology while incapable of satisfying the end-to-end quality of service(QoS)requirements of different applications.
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