这些架构师最后一次编写代码是在十多年以前，而现在他们为您的公司作出重要决定。
These architects last wrote code about a decade ago, and now they're making the important decisions for your company.
这些程序员也会倾向于依赖他们的第一想法，尤其是当他们已经写了代码的时候。
These programmers then have a tendency to get attached to their first ideas, especially when they've already written the code.
同时，他们可以更快的写代码，因为他们有一个清晰的图片告诉他们什么是需要的。
They also write code faster, because they have a clearer picture when they start of what's going to be needed.
假如有三位开发人员正在使用代码段基址，而且他们使用的是本地的数据库。
Imagine that three developers work on the code base and that they each use their local database.
当启动一个新项目时，开发者通常深思的一个问题是他们需要采用用来编写具有良好参数的代码的策略。
One thing developers usually ponder when starting a new project is the strategy they need to employ to write good parametric code.
开发人员应当尽可能频繁地把他们的代码集成进主干——典型的是几小时一次，同时还要确保所有单元测试都能通过。
Developers integrate their code into the trunk as often as possible — typically every few hours — while making sure that all the unit tests pass.
接下来的部分将描述他们是如何运行的，并通过实例代码演示了一些特殊的设计点。
Their operation is described in the next sections followed by example code to illustrate particular design points.
在他们常犯的错误中，首当其冲的是：编写代码时忽略了测试。
Well, the very first mistake they usually make is not to think about testing when they start writing code.
如果我们需要团队B的帮助(或者是开发与我们发生冲突的代码的负责人)，找他们过来，一起工作，把问题解决掉。
If we need help from team B (or whoever wrote the code that conflicts with ours) go fetch them and work together to sort it out.
密钥用来加密请求的某些部分，以使Amazon能够确保是您编写的代码在向他们发送请求。
The secret key is used to encrypt portions of the request so Amazon can ensure that code that you wrote that is sending them requests.
入侵者并不一定在公司外部，但他们是从应用程序自身的外部执行代码的。
The intruder is not necessarily outside the company, but rather is executing code from outside of the application itself.
无论程序员什么时候修改了代码，他们都需要知道自己刚才所做的是改善了代码还是破坏了一些东西。
Whenever programmers change their code, they need to know if what they just did is an improvement or if they just broke something.
可以在任何特定的状态扫描应用程序，不论他们拥有是拥有一个部署的用户界面，仅仅拥有代码还是仅仅拥有一个部署的可利用实例，等等。
Can scan applications in practically any state, whether they have a deployed user interface, whether only code or only a deployed instance is available, and so on.
在那些“模型是代码”所在的实例中，所有实践者不得不做的是确保他们拥有精确给定的模型。
In instances in which "the model is the code," all practitioners have to do is make sure they have accurately specified models.
如果他们有相关的技术经验，那么最可能的是关于使用传统的文档驱动及以代码为中心的工作方式的项目。
If they have any relevant technical experience at all, it is most likely on projects that used traditional document-driven and code-centric ways of working.
开发人员抵抗着对他们的工具和过程的约束，因此，不论是谁管理源代码都需要让开发人员与之保持安全距离。
Developers resist constraints on their tools and process; therefore, whoever is managing the source code needs to keep the developers at a safe distance from it.
举例来说，对于数据库交互逻辑的设计师来说，不知道他们的逻辑是如何通过用户接口代码表示出来，是很普通的现象。
It is common for architects of database interaction logic, for example, to have no knowledge of how their logic is specifically expressed via user interface code.
按这种方法明确定义的角色和特权有助于确保小组中的成员不会互相介入对方的代码，并且确保他们是从相同的代码基线开始工作。
The clearly defined roles and privileges in this approach help ensure that team members do not step on each other's code and that they are working from the same code baseline.
当目标是使他们尝试一个新的实践并引发对它的思考时，放在代码上的份量应是多少呢？
How much weight should I place on the code when the goal is to have them try a new practice and reflect upon it?
当您的目标是一个较小的范围时，更简单的方法是通常会更好，比如在核查他们的特定任务的代码之前开发人员通常会执行它们。
This simpler approach is usually better when you are aiming at a smaller scope, such as those usually performed by developers before checking in their code for a specific task.
与通过施加压力来测试建筑砖块的结构完整性不同的是，软件设计者靠编写代码来测试他们的程序。
Instead of placing building blocks under measured forces to test their structural integrity, software engineers write code for their testing.
在迭代开发中，在开发代码和测试片段时，他们的策略是进行广泛的检验，以确认架构的有效性以及与涉众需求的一致性。
In iterative development, as developers code and test pieces, their strategy is reviewed by a wider audience for architectural validity and compliance with stakeholder needs.
代码开发者准备 说的是代码开发者在评审之前要先注释他们的源代码。
The idea of author preparation is that authors annotate their source code before the review begins.
这个工作一般是由一些专业人员来完成的，他们的目标是在一个特定的平台上，提高代码的性能。
It is typically done by a specialist whose main goal is to improve the code performance on a given platform.
他们大多数时间不会阅读这个方面的文献，或者咨询专家什么是“正确的方式”，他们只是坐下来，写代码，然后解决问题。
Most of the time they don't read the literature on the subject, or consult experts about the "right way" to do it, they just sit down, write the code, and make things work.
旅游代理商就像古时候的拉比学者一样——他们学识渊博，因为他们可以使用航空公司的预订系统，该系统是用代码形式显示信息的。
Travel agents were like rabbis of old - they were "literate," because they had access to the airlines' reservations systems, which presented the information in code.
好的程序员是一个软件公司的宝贵资产，他们能够测试写好的代码、保证不同的数据得到正确使用且代码无误。
A good programmer will always be a great asset to a software company if he or she can test the code written so that different data is presented and the code handles it correctly.
或者，也可能是他们使用竞争对手的表名来编写自己的代码，可你觉得这可能吗？
Either that, or they decided to write their own code using the names of their competitor for the table names. Which are you inclined to believe?
显而易见，这篇文章并不是一篇充满了运行代码的技巧文章，因为我想知道这些天来是否有人确实使用了运行的XML代码，以及他们所使用的是哪种(或哪些)api。
This is obviously not a tip that is overflowing with working code, because I wonder who really does use working XML code these days, and what API (or APIs) they use.
显而易见，这篇文章并不是一篇充满了运行代码的技巧文章，因为我想知道这些天来是否有人确实使用了运行的XML代码，以及他们所使用的是哪种(或哪些)api。
This is obviously not a tip that is overflowing with working code, because I wonder who really does use working XML code these days, and what API (or APIs) they use.
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