大量日产药品不久将失去专利保护。
A slew of drugs by Japanese makers will be losing their patent protections shortly.
原因是多方面的：首先，一些重点药物失去了专利保护。
The reasons are manifold: First, few blockbuster drugs lost their patent protection.
一家跨国医药公司要继续的话也需要有美国的专利保护。
For a multinational drug company to go forward, it needs patent protection in the U.S. as well.
专利保护，你的竞争者仍然可以仿冒，并跟你说法庭上见。
Even if you do have a patent protection, your competitors just knock it off anyway and say see in court.
特别是不同的国际专利法律，增加了成本和扰乱了专利保护。
The problem is exacerbated by varying international patent laws, which both raise the cost and confuse the issue of patent protection.
那些(专利保护)从美学获得的高额利润允许苹果打破许多规则。
Those (patent protected) high margins from aesthetics allow Apple to break a lot of rules.
简单地讲，就是许多制药行业的赢家将会失去的专利保护即将到期。
Simply put, many of the drug industry's biggest earners are about to lose their patent protections.
通常硬件设计是受专利和版权保护的，或至少受专利保护。
Hardware designs are often patented and copyrighted or simply patented.
判决主张豆粕中的DNA并不能表达孟山都最初获得专利保护的功能。
It argued that citing the fact that the DNA in the soya meal was not performing the function for which Monsanto had gained patent protection in the first place.
由于发现不会受到专利保护，那些出价最低的竞标者就可以拿到合同。
Because discoveries wouldn't be patented, contracts could be awarded to the lowest bidder.
微软为实现者提供了专利保护方面的认可，允许开源项目使用这些规范。
This offers patent protection for implementers against claims by Microsoft, allowing open source projects to use the specifications.
阿斯利康公司也寻求在巴西销售那些专利保护即将到期的产品。
AstraZeneca is seeking approval to sell cheap off-patent drugs to Brazil.
专利保护可刺激新产品的研究和开发，但目标是要获得可产生利润的产品。
Patent protection operates as a stimulus for research and development for new products, but the quest is for products that generate a profit.
但是没有专利保护，没有公司会生产hcell，即便是在欧洲或日本也不行。
But without patent protection, no company will develop HCELL for people, even in Europe or Japan.
夏普等其他公司也与商业化镍锰钴合金电极的电池，但不是阿贡的专利保护类型。
Other companies such as Sharp are also commercializing batteries with nickel-manganese-cobalt electrodes, but of types not covered by Argonne's patents.
价值上万亿美元的名牌药物将在2009年和2010年失去专利保护。
Billions of dollars of branded blockbuster drugs are due to go off-patent in 2009 and 2010.
然后，在申请专利保护的国家，他们需自己掏钱将专利翻译为当地语言。
They then need to arrange for translation of the patent - at their own cost - into the languages of all countries in which they wish the patent to apply.
一旦某种药物失去专利保护，仿制药生产商就会一拥而上争夺市场份额，导致价格暴跌。
After a drug loses its patent protection, its price plunges as generic drugmakers fight for market share.
“柠檬”问题的另一个重要案例是那些发明了很难甚至不可能寻求专利保护的发明者的困境。
An important example of the lemons problem is the inventor who creates an idea that is difficult or impossible to patent.
在现有系统下，他们不能也不愿意合作，考虑到这会使资金，专利保护和发表成果都受到威胁。
Under the current system they cannot and will not collaborate for fear that it will jeopardize funding, patent protection, and publication.
最近，受到“专利保护全球化”这一潮流的影响，低价非专利产品的采购和生产变得举步维艰。
More recently, both the procurement and the production of lower-priced generic products have been made more difficult by yet another trend: the globalization of patent protection.
最近，受到“专利保护全球化”这一潮流的影响，低价非专利产品的采购和生产变得举步维艰。
More recently, both the procurement and the production of lower-priced generic products have been made more difficult by yet another trend: the globalization of patent protection.
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