目的观察离体上颌第一前磨牙根管解剖结构。
Objective the aim of this study was to investigate the root canal system of maxillary first premolar .
结论：上颌第一前磨牙的根管类型相对复杂。
Conclusions: The roots of maxillary first premolars possesses a variety of canal system types.
目的研究上颌第一前磨牙根管颊舌向的弯曲情况。
Objective To investigate root canal curvatures of human maxillary first premolars in buccolingual directions.
目的 确定人上颌第一前磨牙的颊舌向根管弯曲程度和情况。
The root canals in mandibular first premolars failed to be treated;
目的：探讨上颌第一前磨牙的根管解剖形态对根管治疗术难度的影响。
PURPOSE: to investigate the effect of root canal anatomy in maxillary first premolars on root canal treatment difficulty.
目的建立上颌第一前磨牙的精细三维模型，并最终应用于有限元分析(FEA)。
Objective To construct the fine 3d model of the maxillary first premolar for finite element analyzes (FEA).
摘要目的采用锥形束ct (CBCT)探讨上颌第一前磨牙根管的解剖形态，了解其常规形态及变异形态。
Abstract: Objective to investigate the canal morphology of maxillary first premolar using cone-beam ct (CBCT) and to know its generic and variant forms.
摘要目的采用锥形束ct (CBCT)探讨上颌第一前磨牙根管的解剖形态，了解其常规形态及变异形态。
Abstract: Objective to investigate the canal morphology of maxillary first premolar using cone-beam ct (CBCT) and to know its generic and variant forms.
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