目的X线三维导航系统是近年出现的一项新的导航技术，其在骨科领域尚未得到广泛应用。
ObjectiveAs a new technique, X-ray three dimensional navigation system has not been applied in orthopedics widely.
目的探讨计算机CT三维导航系统辅助下进行颈椎椎弓根螺钉内固定的可行性和置钉精确性。
Objective To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of cervical pedicle screw fixation when assisted by CT-based navigation system.
目的讨论应用红外线主动诱导计算机辅助三维导航系统进行脊柱外科复杂结构的手术以期提高手术安全性。
Objective to discuss application of initiative infrared ray computer assisted 3d navigation system in spinal complex operation to improve surgical safety.
方法总结CT三维导航系统辅助下置入的159枚颈椎（C2-7）椎弓根螺钉，术后进行经椎弓根螺钉水平的CT平扫，观察椎弓根螺钉置入的精确性。
Methods 159 pedicle screws inserted by CT-based navigation system and 145 cervical (C2-C7) pedicle screws inserted by X-ray fluoroscopy were observed by postoperative CT scan.
全球定位系统(GPS)是为用户提供免费而精确的经度，纬度和海拔三维位置信息与时间信息的无线电导航系统。
Global Positioning system (GPS) is a radio navigation system which provides free users with accurate longitude, latitude and elevation of three-dimensional position information and time information.
文中介绍了CT图像三维重建的原理和算法，并给出在牙种植导航系统中的应用实例。
This paper introduces the theory and the arithmetic of 3d reconstruction from ct slices, and its application in the dental implantation navigation system.
全球定位系统（GPS）是为用户提供免费而精确的经度，纬度和海拔三维位置信息与时间信息的无线电导航系统。
The theory of the realization of global position system(GPS) receiver is studied in this paper, and the simple mathematical model is also introduced.
许多车辆导航系统曾被研究过，包括二维和三维。
Many vehicle guidance systems have been studied including 2d and 3d.
许多车辆导航系统曾被研究过，包括二维和三维。
Many vehicle guidance systems have been studied including 2d and 3d.
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