The preface part mainly explains the possibility and necessity that the problem studies, the study range of the article and the studying situation in current academic circles.
前言部分主要说明本课题研究的可能性和必要性，本文研究的范围以及当前学术界对该课题研究的现状。
Recent studies suggest that as many as 5 in 1,000 new mothers are likely to have this problem.
最近的研究表明，1000个新妈妈中有多达5个可能有这个问题。
However, several studies have shown a serious problem: today's teenagers lack media literacy.
然而，一些研究显示了一个严重的问题：现在的青少年缺乏媒体素养。
A common problem in studies attempting to relate genetics with a particular behavior is that a particular genotype might only confer a very small risk.
在试图将遗传学与特定行为联系起来的研究中，一般的问题是一个特定的基因型可能只造成一丁点风险。
"We knew the Arctic would be particularly badly affected when we started our studies but I did not anticipate the extent of the problem, " said Gattuso.
“在我们开始研究的时候，我们知道北极的情况特别糟糕，但我们没有预料到该问题的严重程度，”加图索说。
The team studies a problem, plans the responsibilities of each member, and works together to reach the goal.
在这个团队中，成员们就一个问题进行研究，为每位成员制定职责，并向着目标一起努力。
This is the same problem many other researchers have found in similar studies.
其他研究者在相似的研究中也发现了同样的问题。
Based on the industry studies, the whitepaper’s authors, suggest to pilot SOA first, addressing specific business problem and defining clear business and architectural success criteria.
白皮书的作者们基于对行业的研究，建议从试验性SOA开始，解决具体的业务问题并定义清晰的业务和架构成功的准则。
The point is that behavioral genetics studies were dealing with a problem of reproducibility and small effect sizes.
这里，行为遗传学研究正处理可重复性和小尺度效应问题。
They did extensive studies, consulted experts on oceanography, made sketches and drawings, and most important of all, made prototypes based on their increasing knowledge of the problem.
他们进行了广泛的研究，咨询了海洋学专家，勾画了草图和画面，最重要的是，基于他们在这个问题上不断增长的知识创建了原始模型。
As recent studies have shown, some tests for H1N1 infection are not entirely reliable, and false-negative results are a frequent problem.
最近的研究显示，用于H1N1感染的有些检测方法不完全可靠，所以假阴性结果是经常出现的问题。
But there's a big confound, there's a big problem in studies of those kind of relationships.
但是有一个让人混淆的问题，存在于这种关系的研究中。
The problem is that most parents are not even aware when it happens, yet studies show the battery begins to cause severe damage within just two hours of ingestion.
事情发生时，大多数孩子的家长还蒙在鼓里，然而研究表明，孩子误食电池后仅仅两个小时，便会对他们的身体造成严重损害。
America could get around this problem by requiring and perhaps even funding studies, but leaving insurers and individuals to decide whether to pay for treatments.
美国可以通过对研究的要求，甚至通过资助研究来绕过这个问题，但是留给保险公司和个人来决定是否要选择该项治疗方案进行支付。
One problem with the salt debates, Dr. Alderman said, is that all the studies are inadequate.
食盐的各种争论存在一个问题，埃德尔曼博士说，就是所有的调查研究其实都是不完善的。
Some recent studies have also linked certain pesticides with developmental problems in children, though it's still unclear if exposure through food actually contributes much to the problem.
一些最近的研究也将农药残留与儿童发育问题联系起来，尽管我们还不清楚通过食物摄入的这些农药是否真的会对发育产生影响。
If an analysis indicates a potential problem, further studies and evaluation are conducted and all relevant national and international authorities are informed.
如果分析显示出一个潜在的问题，那么就需要进行更进一步的研究和评估，与此同时，这一问题将被告知与所有相关的国家和国际组织。
The problem, though, is "there's nothing that everyone agrees on," said James Lewis, cyber-security expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.
不过，这一问题“无法人人都能达成共识，”詹姆斯·刘易斯（James Lewis）如是说，他是总部位于华盛顿的“战略与国际研究中心”的网络安全专家。
But the problem with all these studies is that they tracked specific genetic lineages, and not the entire genome and, hence, populations.
但这些研究都有缺陷，只研究了特定的遗传谱系，而不是整个基因组，所以不能代表整个种群。
Despite the huge scale of the problem, the team is already starting to translate their work into inter-kingdom studies, probing the interactions between bacteria and cells of the human immune system.
尽管还存在大量的问题，研究团队已经开始把他们的工作转移到跨生物界的工作上，探测细菌和人类免疫细胞之间的相互影响。
But they also point to other studies that link lower IQ with poor problem-solving ability and this in turn can impact one's resilience to stress in crisis situations.
研究人员同时指出，其他一些研究发现，低智商人群因其解决问题能力的欠缺，会造成他们在危急情况下无法有效抗压。
Most case studies of SOA success relate to organizations fixating on a particular business problem, perhaps at even the departmental level, and solving that in a Service-oriented way.
大多数SOA成功的个案涉及到组织着眼于特定的业务问题，多半只是在部门级，使用面向服务的方式去解决它。
Researchers reviewed and analyzed 153 studies and found that both victims and bullies have poor problem-solving skills within social situations.
分析人员对153例案例进行了评估和分析，发现欺凌者和被欺凌者在社会中都缺乏解决问题的技巧。
One problem with the salt debates, Dr.Alderman said, is that all the studies are inadequate.
食盐的各种争论存在一个问题，埃德尔曼博士说，就是所有的调查研究其实都是不完善的。
One problem with the salt debates, Dr.Alderman said, is that all the studies are inadequate.
食盐的各种争论存在一个问题，埃德尔曼博士说，就是所有的调查研究其实都是不完善的。
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