U.S. policies encouraged over-consumption and over-borrowing, and unless we understand where these policies came from, we have no hope of addressing the causes of this crisis.
美国政策鼓励过度消费和过度借款，除非我们明白这一政策从哪儿来，我们就不要指望能找出这次危机的真正原因。
U. s. policies encouraged over-consumption and over-borrowing, and unless we understand where these policies came from, we have no hope of addressing the causes of this crisis.
美国政策鼓励过度消费和过度借款，除非我们明白这一政策从哪儿来，我们就不要指望能找出这次危机的真正原因。
Although the shift from external to domestic borrowing can reduce vulnerability to external shocks, it also carries risks from possible over-borrowing or inadequate supervision.
虽然从借外债转向借内债可以增强对外部冲击的抵御能力，但是也带来可能出现过度借债或监管不当的风险。
Greece's borrowing costs rose to a record high yesterday amid concern in financial markets over the differences between eurozone countries on the details of any rescue.
希腊的借贷成本昨日升至创纪录高点。欧元区国家间在救援希腊具体措施上的分歧令金融市场担心。
Over the past three years, in the wake of the financial crisis, U. S. borrowing costs have gone down, not up.
过去的三年里，随着金融风暴而来的是美国借贷费用的下降而不是上升。
Are you really that bent out of shape over my borrowing a shirt?
你真的就因为我去借了一件衬衫而大发雷霆吗？
Italian lenders have upped their ECB borrowing sharply over the summer.
意大利银行向欧洲央行的借款规模在今年夏天也是大幅攀升。
A mortgage is nothing more than an IOU in which a buyer agrees to pay a lender the value of the house over a period of time. It is really a way of borrowing money using the house as collateral.
其实抵押就是借据，通过这个借据，买方同意在一定的时间范围内偿还房价借款，说到底只是贷款买房方式的一个担保。
Yet there was a common ingredient in most failures: an over-reliance on wholesale borrowing.
然而，在大多数失败典型中有一个共同的特征，即过度依赖大规模的借贷。
Towards that end, the Fed, the Treasury and the Congress are all eager to restart borrowing for over-extended consumers and prevent foreclosures of indebted homeowners.
为此，美联储、财政部和国会都急欲推动举债过度的消费者重新开始借钱，并防止负债累累的房主陷入止赎境地。
It was a mistake to be borrowing at all, let alone over 2% of GDP, in 2006 and 2007 when the economy was strong.
在经济强势的2006,2007两年，借款是错误的，更不用说要超过GDP的2%了。
Concerns over contagion have caused sovereign credit-default swap spreads to widen, and the cost of borrowing to rise.
对于该扩散的担心引起了主权信用违约互换利差扩大，借贷成本增加。
Ireland has already raised enough money to finance this year's borrowing requirement (it will spread the cost of bank bail-outs over several years) and has a big cash buffer besides.
爱尔兰已筹集到足够的资金来满足今年财政的借款需求(它将会在未来几年分摊银行纾困的开支)，并且有了较大数额的现金缓冲。
This would appear to give them a decisive advantage over Western Banks that rely on fickle borrowing markets to do business.
这似乎使新兴市场银行相对于依赖变幻莫测的拆借市场来做生意的西方银行具有决定性优势。
This spreading fear within the eurozone explains the sharp leap in the additional borrowing costs France has to pay over Germany.
正是由于欧元区内部的这种恐惧蔓延，法国相对于德国的收益率息差大幅飙升。
Legislators continue to bicker over how and how much to trim from the federal budget in exchange for an agreement to raise the nation's statutory limit on borrowing.
就如何以及削减多少联邦预算以换取增加国家法定举债限额的协议，立法者继续在争吵。
If borrowing to pay for the resulting excess of imports over exports means that our foreign debt keeps increasing faster than gross domestic product, our creditors are likely to get nervous.
若是通过贷款支付进出口逆差，外债的增长速度会超过国民生产的增速，如此一来，债主就会紧张起来。
And the lessons from past financial crises remain clear - excessive borrowing, whether external or domestic, is risky, and problems in one arena can quickly spill over into the other.
从以往金融危机中得到的教训仍很清楚-过度借债，无论是外债还是内债，都是有风险的，而且一个方面的问题很快就会外溢到另一个方面。
This is much lower than debt ratios of around 100% in both America and Britain, where borrowing has exploded over the past decade (see chart).
这远低于英美大约占GDP100%的负债率。过去10年英美家庭负债猛增（如图所示）。
Remember, over the generations, we have been very careful to keep the total level of debt well below the borrowing capacity of our economy so far as federal issuance is concerned.
记住，数代以来，在联邦发债的问题上，我们一直都非常小心地保持着让整体债务水平明显低于美国经济的借款能力。
Remember, over the generations, we have been very careful to keep the total level of debt well below the borrowing capacity of our economy so far as federal issuance is concerned.
记住，数代以来，在联邦发债的问题上，我们一直都非常小心地保持着让整体债务水平明显低于美国经济的借款能力。
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