This type of study design, known as "case-control," cannot prove cause-and-effect.
这种类型的研究被称为病例对照研究，它不能够证明两者之间的因果关系。
You should study the cause and effect of the matter.
你要研究问题的因果关系。
But they say more study is needed to confirm this as a cause-and-effect relationship.
但是他们认为需要进行更多的研究来验证两者之间的因果关系。
Although the study found a link between human brain structure and online social network size, it did not test cause and effect.
虽然研究发现人类大脑的结构和在线社交网络规模之间存在联系，它没有测试出这其中的因果关系。
Although the study found a link between human brain structure and online social network size, it did not test cause and effect.
虽然研究发现人类大脑的结构和在线社交网络规模之间存在联系，它没有测试出这其中的因果关系。
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