spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式，在句中作定语，修饰主语language,spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为
日语授受关系的动词用法很复杂。
The verb of the Japanese given relation is very complicated.
话题是非典型成员，其与主语的关系如同不及物动词和动词的关系。
The relationship between argument and subject is just like that of intransitive verb and verb.
动词表示的行为和动词主语合乎语法的关系。
The part of speech that expresses existence, action, or occurrence in most languages.
动词表示的行为和动词主语合乎语法的关系。
The part of speech that expresses existence, action, or occurrence in most languages.
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