When estrogen is present it can enter cells in the vicinity and it can bind to receptors that are deep inside cells.

雌激素能够进入到邻近的细胞中,并能够与细胞内部的受体相结合

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Many types of cancers, particularly breast cancers, many breast cancers but not all, are sensitive to estrogen.

许多种癌症,尤其是乳腺癌,很多乳腺癌,但不是所有的,对雌激素十分敏感

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and if you design a drug that blocks estrogen interaction you stop growth.

如果能够设计一种药物阻断雌激素的作用,就能阻止细胞生长

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One of the things that estrogen does when cells are exposed to estrogen is that certain genes get turned on that weren't turned on in the estrogen-free state.

雌激素的功能是,当细胞所处环境中有雌激素时,一些在雌激素不存在的条件下,无法表达基因就能够表达

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Steroid hormones, on the other hand, molecules like testosterone and estrogen, progesterone, the sex steroids that determine sexual characteristics and are important for reproductive function are molecules that are all derived from a similar source.

另一方面,类固醇类激素,像睾丸激素,雌激素,黄体酮这样的分子,性激素决定了性征,它对生殖功能十分重要,这类分子有着相似的来源

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A small molecule gets produced by cells in one part of the body, circulates in the blood, estrogen enters cells, and sometimes that estrogen is able to penetrate deep within the cell, even into the nucleus.

雌激素是由身体某部分细胞分泌的,随着血液循环进入细胞,有时雌激素能够进入到细胞内部,甚至进入到细胞核内

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The receptor for estrogen is a special molecule called a DNA binding factor.

雌激素受体是一类特殊的分子,叫做DNA结合因子

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