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Unlike many poleis,Athens had been successful in gaining control of the whole region which it dominated,the region of Attica.
和其他城邦不同,雅典成功地控制了整个区域,整个阿提卡地区都在雅典的控制之下
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So, they call in the Spartans, and the Spartans say, "Okay, we'll decide," And they decide that it belongs to Athens.
于是他们找来了斯巴达人,斯巴达人说,"好的,我们来决断",于是他们决定,该归雅典所有
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The Republic belongs to that period of Plato's work after his return to Athens, after the execution of Socrates.
理想国》即是柏拉图,在返回雅典后的作品之一，也就是在苏格拉底被处决之后。
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So Athens was the polis for Attica, but it was also the polis for all of Attica, all that region around Athens, including villages and farms and other small towns too.
所以雅典是阿提卡地区的城镇，是整个阿提卡地区的城镇，雅典周围的所有地区，包括村庄，农田及其他小镇都属于它。
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So he couldn't find his ideal woman and he went back to Athens.
他找不到理想中的女人，于是他返回雅典。
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As I'm sure you know, Socrates was put on trial, condemned to death for corrupting the youth of Athens-- and perhaps, among other things, for arguing philosophy with them.
想必你们都知道,苏格拉底被人指控,以教唆雅典青年的罪名,被判处死刑,也许,罪名还包括,和青年们讨论哲学
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I'll bet you never heard of Tellus of Athens, neither had Croesus, neither had anybody else outside of Athens.
我打赌你们从没听说过雅典的特勒斯,包括克罗伊斯在内的,任何一个非雅典人都不知道
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Most of us like most of you earlier, find ourselves instinctively taking the side of Socrates against the city of Athens.
我们大部份，就像稍前的调查,自觉本能地选择支持,苏格拉底对抗雅典城；
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He was sent to Athens " to study at The Academy, the first university, spoke about and established by Plato.
他被送到雅典,就读于，“柏拉图学院，首座大学，由柏拉图建立与主讲。
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The Athenians at least pay Socrates the tribute of taking him seriously, which is exactly why he is on trial.
雅典人至少,还尊重苏格拉底，并严肃地看待他，所以才审判他。
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The Athenians gave him a public funeral on the spot where he fell and paid him the highest honors.
雅典人在他的战死之地举行了国民葬礼,并给了他至高无上的荣誉
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Now, the Greeks were very much concerned individuals and this is especially true of the democrats in Athens.
虽然希腊人很关注个人,这在雅典的民主人士中非常明显
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But with the revolution of democracy in Athens, which also spread then to other Greek cities, partly because Athens did what George Bush tried to do in Iraq, they tried to force democracy on other Greek cities around the Eastern Mediterranean also.
但随着雅典民主革命的进行，这场革命随后传到了其他希腊城市，原因之一，类似小布什在伊拉克的计划，雅典企图把民主制度,推行到地中海东部的其他希腊城市。
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Aristotle's extreme reluctance, his hesitance to speak to the issues of his time, are perhaps the result of his foreignness to Athens.
亚里士多德极为冷淡，他对时局演变持保留态度的主因，可能是因为,自己对雅典的陌生感。
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Almost immediately after the trial of Socrates, Plato left Athens and traveled extensively throughout the Greek world.
苏格拉底审判后的当下，柏拉图离开雅典,广泛地的游走于希腊世界。
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Again a critique not only of Sparta but also of Athens and its imperialistic ambitions.
我们再次看到，他的评论不局限于斯巴达,同时还扩及雅典及其帝国野心。
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Those who might defend the city of Athens against Socrates, those who believe in the value of civic piety are very few among us.
捍卫雅典城,对付苏格拉底，相信公民敬神价值的人,仅占少数。
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It is only speculation, but it seems to make sense and we know we don't hear of such troubles within Athens and Thebes, and Sparta.
这只是猜测,但却有理可言,我们在雅典,底比斯和斯巴达,都没有看到这些状况
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But the action of the Republic takes place long before the defeat of Athens, before the rise of the Thirty and the execution of Athens .
但《理想国》撰写的时间,远早于雅典战败，及三十暴君掌权之前,也早于雅典被处决之前。
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This seems to suggest that referring back to the Apology, that it is not Socrates, but the Athenians who innovate, who create and introduce new deities.
这似乎在暗示,参照回《苏格拉底自辩篇》,并非苏格拉底，而是雅典人在造神,并迎神。
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I must tell the Athenians how many evils a city suffers from bad government."
雅典的人民啊,谁让这城邦不堪入目,是那腐朽的政府啊,不可饶恕
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It demonstrates not only Socrates' sense of his superiority to the laws of Athens.
那展示了苏格拉底意识到,自己优于雅典城邦的法律。
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Remember also that the city that brought Socrates to trial was not just any city it was a peculiar kind of city it was Athens.
请记住，那个将苏格拉底,推向审判的城邦，不是随便的一座城邦,那是一座具特殊意义的城邦，那是雅典。
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We, who live in a very different kind of world from that of, you know, fourth-century Athens, ? what can we learn from the example of Socrates?
我们活在非常不同的世界,显著不同于四世纪的雅典，我们能从苏格拉底的例子上学到什么？
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On the other side it says, this is Megara,it is not Athens.
另一面刻着,"这里是麦加拉,不是雅典"
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In a battle between the Athenians and their neighbors near Eleusis he came to the assistance of his countrymen, routed the foe and died upon the field most gallantly.
在一场雅典人和其邻居,埃莱夫西斯的战争中,特勒斯在同胞的援助下击败了敌人,最后英勇地战死疆场
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Some of them only go so far as Athens, which had the good fortune somehow of not being destroyed, one of the few important Mycenaean places that is not destroyed.
有些人逃到了雅典,很幸运的是雅典并没有遭到破坏,它是极少数逃过一劫的迈锡尼重要城邦之一
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South of the Aeolian section of that was the region of Asia Minor inhabited chiefly by Ionians, the people on the mainland who are the main Ionians are the Athenians.
位于小亚细亚地区的伊奥利亚南部,主要居住爱奥尼亚人,而在内陆居住的爱奥尼亚人,主要都是雅典人
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This seems to be a statement of his alienation or disaffection from the concerns of his fellow Athenians. I know nothing about what you do or what you care about.
这似乎是他对雅典同胞,所关心之事务疏离,或不满的表述,我不知道你做啥。
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There was this king of Athens. Codros was his name.
雅典曾有个叫寇德罗斯的国王
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