That doesn't heal naturally but can be reformed by other enzymes called ligases, ligases re-established the phosphate bonds.

这不能恢复如初,但用连接酶可以做到这一点,连接酶能重建磷酸键

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So if I try to rotate my 2 atoms, you see that I have to break that pi bond, because they need to be lined up so that the electron density can overlap.

如果我要试着转动两个原子，你会看到我必须要打破一个π键，因为他们需要连接起来,让那些电子能够重叠。

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You know that these molecules are also linked in another way, by the phosphate bonds that connect the 3 and the 5 carbons of adjacent nucleotides.

这些分子还通过别的方式连接在一起,例如通过相邻核苷酸的3碳位和,5碳位之间的磷酸键相连

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The IgM is really five IgG-type molecules that are linked together through disulfide bonds, such that their FC portions are all pointing in and their antibody binding portions are all pointing out.

gM是由五个IgG分子组成的,IgG分子之间通过二硫键连接,免疫球蛋白尾部的FC片段都指向内侧,而抗体的抗原结合位点都指向外侧

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选