That's a lot less than the amount of money out there but they always had fractional reserve of banking anyway.

这比流通的金钱少的多,但是他们总是有部分准备金银行制度。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

So, banks are natural and fractional reserve banking is the natural thing to do.

所以银行的产生是很自然的,而部分准备金制度也是自然产生的

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

What we have--we have a problem that there can be a systemic problem to fractional reserve banking if there is ever a run on the banking system.

我们面临着一个问题,如果出现银行挤兑,部分准备金制度会,导致系统性的问题

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

With a fractional reserve system you're in an unstable equilibrium.

伴随着部分准备金银行制度,英国的银行业处于一个不平稳的均衡中。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选