Well, Mario Molina, who was a faculty member here at MIT, won a Nobel prize for describing this process.
马里奥,莫丽娜,一个麻州理工学院的教员,凭借描述这一过程获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。
That's the way in which the dream condenses, but at the same time the dream is doing something very, very different, and it's called displacement.
这就是梦“凝缩“的过程,不过梦同时还在做另一种完全不同的工作,那就是“移置“
As soon as I detect with what we'll call a condition if I'm touching the edge I have to essentially spin around 180 degrees and then continue looping.
一旦我检测到这种情况,当我碰到边界时,我需要转180°然后继续这一循环过程。
When they do that they can actually engulf the bacteria in a process called phagocytosis and break them down into antigens.
免疫细胞确实是将细菌整个吞进了肚内,这一过程称为吞噬作用,并将细菌分解成小抗原
Moreover, whenever they seize a property and try to sell it, it usually loses value anyway in the process.
而且当他们没收财产并变卖时,财产在这一过程中总会发生价值减损
And I wanted to do it a different way which is a little bit convoluted, but it introduces the idea of a thermodynamic cycle, and it's something that we're going to use a lot in the class.
现在我将用另一种,有些复杂的办法来推导这一关系,在这一过程中引入,我们今后会常接触到的,热力学循环的概念。
This is visualizing the process of the conversion of mechanical energy into chemical and electrical energy very nicely.
这一模拟恰到好处地演示了,机械能到化学能和电能的转换过程。
It's the same computation. But this is a nice way of writing it, often called defensive programming.
这跟原来的计算过程没什么不同,但这是写代码的更优秀的一种方式。
And, there's a huge amount of CO2 that comes from this process.
大量的二氧化碳2,来自于这一生产过程。
Milton participated with extraordinary enthusiasm and considerable zeal in the establishment of England's new, non-monarchic government, initially a commonwealth and then what we can think of as a republic.
弥尔顿带着极大的热情,参与了组建英国的非君主制新政府的过程,这一政府起先是联邦制,后来可认为是共和制。
At some point there was a desire to separate, and in that process of identity formation, a polemic began to develop that created Yahweh in a distinct way, differentiated from the Canaanite deities.
某些时候,有非常强烈的分离的愿望,在这个过程中,也就形成了他们自己的身份,塑造截然不同的耶和华这一理论便开始发展,要与迦南的众神有所差别。
So in a sense the fact that there's a more critical screen, there's more of a careful thought process, the fact that customers are pickier with their money today, all of that really is a chance to make people better.
所以实际上,如果环境更为挑剔,人们的构思过程就会更为严谨细致,现在的消费者花每一分钱都精打细算,这其中产生的是让人们生活的更好的商机。
Well, apparently Richard in real life did not refuse to make those changes. And imagine, in a book that then undergoes this publishing history that I have described, this is kind of a symbolic scene.
很明显,现实生活中的理查,并没有拒绝那些修改,想像一下,经历上述出版过程的一本书,这是象征性的场景。
What makes this enterprise difficult but also riveting is that moral and political philosophy is a story and you don't know where the story will lead.
这一过程会充满挑战又引人入胜,因为道德与政治哲学就好比一个故事,你不知道故事将会如何发展。
And they did this through two sorts of mechanisms: assimilation and accommodation.
而这一过程可以通过两种机制实现,同化和顺应
If you ever read the course descriptions of French 115 or chinese language, basic intro to Chinese, they say--I think I wrote it down here, this process of gradual assimilation.
如果你们曾经读过法语115课程描述,或者中文,也就是基础中文课程的介绍,我想我应该在这写下来了,那上面提到,这是一种逐步同化的过程
Along the way, you' ll have conflict.
在这一过程中肯定会出现矛盾冲突。
But it's not just that the middles of fiction involve these processes of delay.
但并不只是小说的中间部分,会涉及延迟这一过程这么简单。
So there is our set of individual processes that's going to constitute our cycle, right.
那么这就是组成这个,循环的一组反应过程。
So this is very similar, this is a kind of recursive thinking we talked about earlier, where we take our problem and we make it smaller we solve a smaller problem, et cetera.
我们则跳过比猜想数小的那个区间,然后我们重复这一过程,跟之前我们讲过的,递归思想非常类似,我们解决问题的时候,先把问题一步步变小,然后解决小问题。
But they can also participate in choosing the directors and the president of the Federal Reserve Banks.
但是它们可以参与挑选负责人和,联邦储备银行的行长这一过程。
I'll show how that works in just a moment, but estrogen for example, is one of those.
我马上就给你们讲这个过程,举这类分子中的一种,雌激素作为例子
This angelic laser begins slowly the gradual process in some kind of extraordinary science-fiction sort of way of transforming the virginal human body to the essence of the soul itself.
这天国的激光开始了这渐渐的过程,用一种很特别的科幻小说的方式,把人纯净的身体变成灵魂的精髓。
It happens through a very regulated, coordinated slow process of what is called differentiation.
这是通过一种严格协调调控的过程完成的,这个过程我们称为细胞分化
So the satisfactions of the moment are for Milton deferred here; and it's something like a recognizable process of deferral and postponement that you will see beginning to form themselves at the very center of Milton's poetic imagination.
因此对这一时刻的满意就是因为弥尔顿把它推迟到这;,而且就像一个可以察觉的推迟过程,从一开始你就会看到这些推迟是顺其自然的,这在弥尔顿的诗歌想象中可以看到。
But of course that process would not scale very well.
当然,这一过程中不会有太大的范围波动。
So we're going to start at one, T1 and this is going to be in isotherm at temperature T1, and all the paths here are going to be reversible.
我们从一开始,这是个绝热恒温过程,温度是,所有路径都是可逆的。
So how many comparisons did that take here?
那这一过程用了几次比较呢?
it was reversible, so you can give people money and take it away, and you could actually scale the amount of money, so it makes a very handy experimental tool.
这个过程是可逆的,这样你可以给人钱,然后拿走,而且你还可以积攒钱,这就让钱成为了一种非常有用的试验工具。
This conversion from a mechanical energy into a chemical energy can be nicely visualized when one fills a hair cell with a sensitive die that responds to the calcium ions that influx into the cell.
如果在毛细胞中注入,对钙离子敏感的物质,可以精确地模拟,这一机械能到化学能的转化过程。
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