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So either a potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide, these are used in synthesis in terms of making carbon-carbon bonds.
因此无论是氰化钾还是氰化钠，都被用来在合成过程中,制造碳碳键。
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What I want to do is get you to appreciate the unique perspective that you will get from studying solid-state chemistry.
我要做的是，让你们,欣赏领会到它独特的远景,在学习固体化学的过程中。
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If the element of surprise is to become absolutely central and paramount in the reading process, the gap has to get bigger.
如果“惊讶“元素在阅读过程中是,绝对中心，至高无上的，那么这个间隙必须会更大。
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Because it's so important. And I should add and also under reversible work, where the external pressure is equal to the internal pressure.
而且我还要说应该在外部压强,和内部压强相等的,可逆过程中引入它。
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A big problem with this is a lot of Freudian theory is claimed to be validated in the course of psychoanalysis.
这里存在的一个大问题便是,精神分析理论中的很多内容,被认为是能够在精神分析的过程中,得到证实的。
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That sense, I suspect even in writing a text message, that one would have.
我认为，甚至在发短信,的过程中，我们都能感受这种力量的存在。
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But again, the key takeaway there was how many numbers did I touch on that pass?
同样，在这个过程中,我一共移动了几个数字？
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The steering wheel is--having the same steering wheel is compatible with changing of a few pieces.
方向盘一直都是原来那个,和它过程中微小的变化,是不冲突的。
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And so tradition just said, "Well if there are three gifts,there must be three kings."
所以传说在流传过程中，人们认为，“有三样礼物，那必定有三位国王“
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But as you can see, in the run I'm talking about this, there really only are experiments in a couple of the dimensions of the educational purposes that we talked about in the very beginning.
但你们也看到了，我探讨这一点的过程中，所进行的实验只涉及到,我们在最开始谈到的,教育目标的几个方面。
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But in terms of drugs that don't look like maybe this compound was used in the synthesis, many of them might have used thionyl chloride, because it generates such a nice reactive intermediate that you can go on and make a bunch of different compounds from that intermediate.
但是对于药物来说,它们可能跟合成过程中用到的这种化合物并不相像，很多药物的制造过程中都会用到亚硫酰氯，因为它能产生活性如此之高的反应中间体,以至于你可以继续利用反应中间体,来制造一堆不同类型的化合物。
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Wrev w reversible. in this case here let's see this is it's a pressure is going down.
曲线下的面积，可逆过程的功,这个过程中。
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And we saw that in fact in this case delta S of mixing, we calculated it, saw that it is positive.
实际上如果我们计算气体混合过程中,熵的变化，我们会发现这个量是正的。
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He expressed his will that there be light, and there was light And that's very different from many Ancient Near Eastern cosmogonies in which there's always a sexual principal at work in creation.
他表达意愿希望有光，于是便有了光,这与古代近东的宇庙学解释有很大出入,在其中，创世过程中有性的因素。
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And I wanted to do it a different way which is a little bit convoluted, but it introduces the idea of a thermodynamic cycle, and it's something that we're going to use a lot in the class.
现在我将用另一种,有些复杂的办法来推导这一关系，在这一过程中引入,我们今后会常接触到的,热力学循环的概念。
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So the work that you're doing to expand, to go through this experiment, ends up cooling the gas.
因此在膨胀气体的过程中,气体降温。
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Milton is telling us that he is himself in the process, still in the process, of maturing.
弥尔顿是告诉我们他自己也还正在，渐渐成熟的过程中。
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And I take a great deal of gratification from my own writing.
而且，从我自己的写作过程中,我也体会到满足感。
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And you can see what the heat involved in a process like that is as well.
你就能看到在类似这样的,过程中热量是如何变化的。
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Otherwise you're going to waste some of that heat somewhere along the way, some of energy.
否则你就必须在这个过程中,浪费一些热量。
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So w, the work is less for the irreversible process than the reversible process.
不可逆过程中系统对外界,做的功要比可逆过程时小。
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Different sets of instructions. Anything else strike you as odd when you were reading this story?
这确实是不同的指令，还有其他的吗？,在你们阅读的过程中？
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OK, you use the ideal gas law, etc., then you get a relationship that connects the pressure and the temperature, like here we got a relationship that connected the temperatures and the volumes together.
我们会得到，一个联系初末态,的压强和温度的，关系式,就像这个联系过程中。
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So it seems like there's a favorable change in entropy going this way.
看起来在这个过程中熵增加是,有利于反应的。
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u=0 And it's approximately equal to zero for all real gas processes.
在所有理想气体绝热过程中Δ,对真实气体近似为零。
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p We want p equal to p external for the entire expansion, p2 and p external is decreased steadily from p1 to p2.
在膨胀过程中保持p等于外部，外部p很快从p1衰减到。
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You couldn't just run something successfully in a cycle and get work out of it, using the heat from the hot reservoir, without also converting some of the heat that came in to heat that would flow into a cold reservoir.
如果一样东西在循环工作过程中,只有热从高温热源中流出，而没有热流入低温热源，那么此过程,不可能对外做功,不可能把所有热。
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