One is there's no lag period, notice that antibody levels start rising right away after the second exposure.

第一是没有迟滞期,请注意,抗体浓度迅速上升,在第二次接触抗原时

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

That results in a dramatic change in the membrane voltage; the potential across the membrane and that's shown here by this rapid rise in membrane potential.

变化导致了膜电压的剧烈变化,膜电压就是跨膜的电势差,表现为膜电位的迅速上升

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now the two things to notice about this are the high spike that you have out here which occurs very rapidly and then the rapid decline in blood sugar, and insulin is involved in this whole reaction.

有两个需要注意的事情是,你们在这看到的急剧变化的曲线代表着,迅速上升和迅速下降的血糖,另外胰岛素也随之发生变化

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Now, that rapid rise is called depolarization and the membrane is said to be in a depolarized state because it's less polarized or less negatively charged repolarized as negatively charged.

这个迅速上升过程称为去极化,我们称膜处于去极化状态,因为膜的极化程度降低了,或者说是带的负电减少了,而复极化就代表重新带上负电荷

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选