-
So, what will start with on Monday is doing the most simple example of methane using these Lewis structure rules.
因此，下周一上课,我们会先以最简单的例子--甲烷开始,使用这些路易斯结构的规则。
-
So we'll talk specifically about drawing Lewis structures and then about formal charge and resonance, which are within Lewis structures.
因此我们会专门讲一讲,如何来画路易斯结构,然后再讨论形式电荷与共振论，它们也属于路易斯结构的范畴。
-
913 And, he didn't publish anything related to the Lewis structure until about 1912 or 1913.
直到1912或,他都没有出版任,何与路易斯结构式有关的东西。
-
So now that we have enough practice drawing Lewis structures let's talk about actually figuring out this formal charge.
那么现在我们已经做了足够多的画路易斯结构的练习,让我们来讨论一下如何得出形式电荷。
-
So he came up with the ideas that led to the idea of Lewis structures in the very early 1900's.
他就提出了这个想法,进而发展出了路易斯结构在二十世纪初。
-
All right. So let's think about how to draw the oh, actually, let me let you tell me how we should start this Lewis structure.
好，那么我们来想一想应该怎么画,噢，实际上，我想让大家来告诉我,我们应该怎么开始画这个路易斯结构。
-
So, if we use those two tips to try to figure out a structure, a skeletal structure, we would get this structure here if we write out the full Lewis structure.
那么，如果我们用这两个小窍门来,尝试写出它的结构，骨架结构，我们将会得到这样的结构,如果我们把完整的路易斯结构画出来的话。
-
So in terms of remaining valence electrons we have 12, so we can finish off each of our Lewis structures, so that's our first structure there, and our second structure there.
那么关于剩下的价电子，我们有十二个，因此我们可以完成这两个路易斯结构了，那么这是我们的第一个结构，而那是我们的第二个结构。
-
Step three in our Lewis structure rules is to figure out how many electrons we would need in order for every single atom in our molecule to have a full valence shell.
路易斯结构规则的第三步是,找出让分子中每个原子的价壳层,都排满应该需要多少个价电子。
-
And the last thing we do for any of our structures to check them and figure out are these valid or not valid, are these good Lewis structures is to check the formal charge.
而为了检验任何一个结构是否有效,看它们是不是好的路易斯结构,我们要做的最后一件事就是检查形式电荷。
-
And the idea is that when you do these Lewis dot structures, we're representing electrons with dots, which we'll see in a minute, and each dot is going to represent a valence electron.
而当你遇到这些路易斯点结构时，我们会将电子用点来表示，我们马上就会看到，每个点都代表了一个价电子。
-
So, let's go ahead and draw our Lewis structure based on the rest of the rules now that we have a skeleton.
那么，让我们继续画我们的路易斯结构,看看在得到骨架之后还有哪些规则。
-
But what really happens is as you go on in chemistry, you draw so many of these you can just draw them without following the rules.
但是随着你在化学上的深入，你会画很多路易斯结构,以至于你可以不用管这些规则就能直接画出来。
-
So, our second step, as we go through our Lewis structure rules, is to figure out how many valence electrons we have in our entire molecule.
那么，我们的第二步，按照路易斯结构的规则，应该是判断在整个分子中,包含多少个价电子。
-
And I mean this means way past all the chemistry they've taken, they're now graduate students or they're now professors, and they're still writing out Lewis structures.
我想说的是这意味着尽管他们早就学完了所有的化学，他们现在都已经是研究生甚至是教授了，但他们依然在不断地写路易斯结构。
-
So, to do this, what I'm going to do is introduce the topic of Lewis structures.
那么，了做到这一点，我将开始介绍,路易斯结构。
-
So if we went through and drew out our Lewis structure following each of our steps, what we would get is this as our Lewis structure here, and we could figure out all of the formal charges.
那么如果我们按照流程,经过所有的步骤来画路易斯结构，我们会得到这样的路易斯结构，然后我们可以算出所有的形式电荷。
-
All right. So let's try one more example of drawing Lewis structures before we talk about formal charge.
好，让我们在讲形式电荷之前,再给一个例子画一下路易斯结构。
-
All right. So, let's go ahead and draw our Lewis structure here with sulfur in the middle.
好，那么，让我们来把我们的,路易斯结构画在这，硫在中间。
-
And in terms of thinking about it for organic chemistry or if you're interested in thinking about the mechanism maybe by which it is toxic, a first step would be to draw its Lewis structure.
而为了在有机化学中思考它,或者如果你对它,有毒的机理感兴趣的话，第一步要做的应该就是画出它的路易斯结构。
-
And you can do this any time if you have Lewis structures that you're choosing between.
而每当你遇到需要从几个可能的,路易斯结构中选择的情况。
-
So, we can also get into a case where we have similar values in terms of absolute values of formal charge between two different molecules we're deciding between in their Lewis structures.
我们还可能遇到另外一种情况,那就是在我们需要进行,选择的两种路易斯结构中,形式电荷具有相似的绝对值。
-
All right, so this is the same procedure that we're going to go through, regardless of what kind of Lewis structure we're going to draw.
好的，这就是我们画路易斯结构,所需要完成的步骤，不管什么样的路易斯结构都要这样做。
-
We remember that Lewis structures are an idea that are pre-quantum mechanics.
我们记得路易斯结构是一个,早于量子力学的概念。
-
the first step in any Lewis structure is drawing the skeletal structure.
画任何路易斯结构第一步,都是先画出它的骨架。
-
We're going to really get into this next class, but I just want to introduce it to you to give us a start, and many of you have used Lewis structures in high school, but we'll be doing some much more challenging Lewis structures, I can assure you, in this class here.
其实我们下节课才会详细介绍它，但是今天我只想以简单介绍作为开始，大部分同学在高中就用过路易斯结构了，但是我们会遇到一些更具挑战性的,路易斯结构，我可以向大家保证，在这门课中会的。
-
A lot of the examples that we're going to give you in terms of trying out your Lewis structures will be molecule that are used in organic synthesis, or maybe they're molecules that react in interesting ways with biomolecules in your body or proteins in your body.
很多我们将要用来,训练路易斯结构的例子,都是在有机合成中用到的分子，也有可能是那些在你体内的生物分子,或者蛋白质中发生有趣反应的分子。
-
So, let's quickly go through the Lewis structure for ozone.
那么，让我们很快地画出臭氧的路易斯结构。
-
So, today we're moving on, we're talking about Lewis structures.
那么，今天我们接着讲，继续讨论路易斯结构。
-
Well, first of all, let's look at the Lewis structure.
好，首先，我们看看它的路易斯结构。
应用推荐