And one way we can get to that is by looking at two pieces of data.

一种可以得出答案的方法,就是观察2个数据。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

I'm going to have each observation as a year.

将每一年的数据作为一个观察值

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

You could take weights on people measured over a period of many years and look at the variability over time in weight and then link it to things like heart disease and cancer, and I'll come back later and talk about the results of that particular study.

我们还可以得到人们很长一段时间里,每年的体重数据,观察体重随着时间变化的变动,并将观察结果与心脏疾病和癌症联系起来,我等一下会告诉大家这项研究的结果

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

This is true whether you look at the universe of the mutual fund managers that we might have available to us as individuals or whether it's institutional data, such as those that I just cited; that concept is survivorship bias.

的确如此,不论你在观察,可接触到的基金经理个人,还是观察一些机构数据,就像我刚引用过的那些,这个现象就是生存偏差

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选