So, an energy deficit, accelerating charge, the accelerating negative charge, because it's the negatives that are orbiting the positive center.

能量的损失，加速电荷，加速的负电荷，因为这是负电荷,围绕在正电荷中心的周围。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

It makes sense that it's going to come out of the highest occupied atomic orbital, because that's going to be the lowest amount of energy that's required to actually eject an electron.

从最高占据轨道上,去掉一个电子是合理的，因为这样是发射一个电子,所损失的最低能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's reversible, that means that p external, equals p. I'm doing it very slowly so that I'm always in equilibrium between the external pressure and the internal pressure so I can go back and forth.

我都可以不损失能量，而把过程逆向进行,整个过程中的,每一步都保持平衡,现在我们来分别。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

That makes sense because we're losing energy, we're going to a level lower level, so we can give off that extra in the form of light. And we can actually write the equation for what we would expect the energy for the light to be.

这很合理，因为我们在损失能量,我们要到一个更低的能级去,我们要以光的形式给出额外的能量,我们可以写下光能量的方程。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So there's less energy expanded by the system.

系统损失的能量也比较小。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And here, in an isothermal expansion, The bath is putting back the energy that the gas is expanding or using to expand, and so the energy is flowing back into the gas through the environment in the isothermal expansion.

而在等温膨胀中，恒温环境将气体膨胀对外做功,而损失的能量又返还回来，在等温膨胀中,能量从环境,流向系统。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选