Suddenly, we have evidence, thirteen or fourteen hundred years earlier, that people were reading this stuff and, by and large, it's a pretty constant textual tradition.

因为突然间，我们有了证据，证明1200或1400年前就有人，读着这些经文而且总的来说，经文一直延续了其文本传统。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

So some people believe that Christians, precisely because they wanted to proof text a lot, they wanted to run around through a lot of different texts, they actually invented the codex.

所以有些人认为，想核对经文的基督教徒，需要查阅很多不同的经文，于是他们发明了抄本。

耶鲁公开课 - 新约课程节选

We used to think they were a library of a sectarian community; now I think they think it was a pottery factory or something.

我们过去曾认为经文应该在一个教派群体的文库中;,现在我想大家认为它存在于一个类似于陶瓷厂的地方。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

So many of them would have gone up to Jerusalem and a real tension is going to develop between the Jerusalem priests and this class of Levites who are newcomers; and we'll see some of that tension played out in some other texts.

他们中的许多人将去耶路撒冷，一次真正的紧张状态,将在耶路撒冷的牧师和这些新来的利未人,中逐渐发展起来;我们将会在其它的经文中,看到一些这种紧张状态。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

I want to flip back to text for a moment before I return to talk about a whole contradictory set of methodologies, or methodologies that pull in another direction. But first I want to get us up to the patriarchs and matriarchs where we're going to be starting off on Monday.

回到谈论一整套相互冲突，截然相反的,研究方法之前，我想跳回到经文部分,首先，我希望你们关注一下宗教创始人的部分,这点我们会在周一开始讨论。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Texts were modified in the course of their transmission.

因此，在传播的过程中，经文被修改了。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

They have lots of scripture.

他们有很多经文。

耶鲁公开课 - 新约课程节选

Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead; inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.So love and loyalty to God is the foundation of the Torah but Torah is the fulfillment of this love and loyalty: studying it and observing it and teaching it and transmitting it.

也要系在手上为记号，戴在额上为经文,又要写在你房屋的门框上，并你的城门上,那么对上帝的爱和忠诚是律法卷的基础，但律法卷,是这种爱和忠诚的实现：学习它，观察它,教授它，传播它。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选