But the word white shows up a lot in the high glycemic index foods -white rice, white spaghetti, white bread.

但是白色这个词会在,许多高血糖指数的食物中出现,白米,白面条,白面包

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Like you wouldn't expect bananas, for example, to be a high glycemic index food but it is.

比如,你可能不认为香蕉,是一种高血糖指数的食物,但它确实是

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Another hormone gets produced by the pancreas in response to low glucose levels, it's called glucagon.

胰腺产生另外一类激素,来应对血糖水平降低的情况,它叫做胰高血糖素

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So, as I said, there are many graphs around many charts of the high and low glycemic index foods and some things would surprise you.

如我所说,会有许多高血糖指数的食物,和低血糖指数的食物的图表,有些东西会让你惊讶

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Where your cells experience those states is through these extra cellular ligands called insulin and glucagon.

细胞所经历的这些状态改变是受,胰岛素和胰高血糖素这些外源配体影响

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It has many of the opposite effects that insulin has, so not only does insulin go down and stop these behaviors but a new hormone called glucagon gets produced which reinforces that change.

它产生的很多效应都与胰岛素相反,所以不仅是胰岛素的减少,导致血糖水平停止下降,胰高血糖素这种新激素的产生,也会强化该效应

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Example, protein hormones are insulin which we've talked about before and glucagon, and growth hormone which we haven't talked about but that's very important during periods of life like adolescence, when rapid growth of your bones is occurring.

例如,我们以前讲过的胰岛素,还有胰高血糖素都是蛋白质激素,生长激素也是,尽管我们还没有讲过它,但它在人的青春期阶段,起着非常重要的作用,骨骼在此时期快速生长

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Now we're going to compare high glycemic index foods with low glycemic index foods, and so the curve of blood sugar with high glycemic index foods, those that create an exaggerated blood sugar response over a period of time might look like this.

现在我们要对高血糖指数的食物和,低血糖指数的食物进行对比,那些高血糖指数食物所形成的曲线,那些会在某段时间内产生过高血糖的食物,所形成的曲线看起来可能就是这样的

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选