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So we can think about now doing bonding, and now we have four equal orbitals with one electronic each.
我们现在可以考虑成键了，现在我们有4个等价的轨道，每个上面有1个电子。
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So we can actually pop an electron or eject an electron from any single orbital that is occupied within the atom.
任何一个被占据轨道,打出一个电子,或者说发射出一个电子。
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And because of the way those antibonding orbitals are stacked, the two electrons go one each into those antibonding.
因为这样,反键轨道被堆积了，这两个电子都填到各自的反键轨道。
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So that means that if we have three orbitals, we can only have six electrons in those complete three orbitals.
所以那意味着如果我们有3个轨道，我们有且只能有6个电子,在这3个完整的轨道。
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Right, we had one from each atom, so that means we need a total of two in our molecular orbital.
对吧，每个原子有一个电子，这意味着在分子轨道里我们一共需要两个电子。
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Each of these orbitals can have two electrons in them, so we get two electrons here, here, and here.
在每个轨道里面都有两个电子,所以我们有两个电子在这里，这里这里。
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If de Broglie is correct, we could then model the electron in its orbit not moving as a particle, but let's model it as a wave.
如果德布罗意是对的，那么我们可以在电子轨道中建立电子模型,不是像粒子一样运动，而是像波一样运动。
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And the third fact that we need to keep in mind is that spins remain parallel prior to adding a second electron in any of the orbitals.
第三个事实是我们需要记住在,每个轨道加入第二个电子之前,自旋保持平行。
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Let's imagine this is the electron in its orbit.
想象一下，电子在它的轨道中。
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So this is just the idea that the most electrons that you can have in a single orbital is two electrons.
这个观点是在一个单个的轨道中,最多容纳两个电子。
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One of the main difference is is that when you're talking about multi-electron orbitals, they're actually smaller than the corresponding orbital for the hydrogen atom.
其中最主要的区别之一,是当你讨论多电子轨道时,它们实际上，要比对应的氢原子轨道,要小一些。
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What is the filling sequence of electrons in orbitals?
什么是电子在轨道上的排布顺序呢？
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So what that means is that we're limited in any atom to having two electrons per orbital, right, because for any orbital we can either have a spin up electron, a spin down electron, or both.
这意味着在一个原子内,每个轨道上可以有两个电子，对吧，因为对任何轨道,我们可以有自旋向上或者自选向下或者两者都有。
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So, let's draw in our electrons there, so we have our two electrons now in the molecular orbital.
让我们把电子画在这里，我们现在有两个电子在分子轨道里。
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So then, I could say that the average valence electron energy for oxygen would then be, I've got two s electrons.
所以，我可以说,氧的平均价电子能,就是，以我得到的两个s轨道的电子来算。
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That happens because of space issues that you were asked to do that, because you can always assume that all of the core orbitals are already going to be filled.
这是出于空间的考虑,要求你这么做是因为，你总是可以假定所有的,芯电子轨道都已经填满了。
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So again, we can fill in our atomic orbitals here, there's going to be two electrons in each of our atomic orbitals.
同样的，我们可以填充原子轨道，每个原子轨道上有两个电子。
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Yeah. So we have two orbitals, or four electrons that can have that set of quantum numbers.
嗯，有我们有两个轨道，也就是４个电子可以有这套量子数。
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So, this means we have a total of six electrons that we need to put into molecular orbitals.
这意味着我们一共有,6个电子要放进分子轨道。
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In order to have an electron in a stationary orbit this implies standing wave.
为了在静止的轨道中拥有电子,驻波是不可少的。
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And again, I've written for you, but you can figure out what the electron configuration is just by writing up in this order here.
同样，我已经写出来了，但你们可以把这个写出来,就知道电子轨道构型是什么。
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Orbitals of equivalent energy, we strive for unpaired electrons.
相同能量轨道，我们找到不成对电子。
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It is the value of the radius of the ground state electron orbit in atomic hydrogen.
它就代表氢原子基态电子,的轨道半径。
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So we do, in fact, have a dependence on what the angle is of the electron as we define it in the orbital.
实际上当我们定义电子在这个轨道,它的波函数的确是和角度有关的。
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And again, we have the pairing of the unpaired electrons, and we have two orbitals coming together.
同样，我们有未配对电子的配对，我们有两个轨道结合。
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So let's compare what some of the similarities and differences are between hydrogen atom orbitals, which we spent a lot of time studying, and now these one electron orbital approximations for these multi-electron atoms.
很长时间的氢原子轨道和,现在多电子原子中,的单个电子轨道近似，我们可以对比，它们之间,的相似性和不同。
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So there's two different orbitals that can have these three quantum numbers, but if we're talking about electrons, we can also talk about m sub s, so if we have two orbitals, how many electrons can we have total?
所以有两个轨道可以有,这三个量子数，但如果我们讲的是电子，我们还要考虑ｍ小标ｓ,如果我们有两个轨道，一共有多少个电子呢？
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So, let's write this one electron orbital approximation for berylium, that sounds like a pretty complicated question, but hopefully we know that it's not at all, 1s22s2 it's just 1 s 2, and then 2 s 2.
所以让我们写出,铍的单电子轨道近似，那听起来像是一个更为复杂的问题，但是希望我们知道它一点都不是，它仅仅是。
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So any time that you're drawing these molecular orbital diagrams you want to keep in mind that the number of electrons that you have in atomic orbitals, you need to add those together and put that many electrons into your molecule.
任何时候当你们画分子轨道图时,你们要记住,原子轨道里的电子数，你要把它们加在一起,并放到分子轨道里去。
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An electron. So now we have the complete description of an electron within an orbital.
电子，现在我们有了一个,轨道上的电子的完备描述。
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