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Justice is nothing more or less right than what benefits the rulers, the rulers who determine the laws of justice.
正义没有对错,只要那对统治者有利，因是由他们决定正义的法律。
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the Royal Family used to run the country
整个国家是由皇室统治的，
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The Republic asks us, what would a city be like if it were ruled by Socrates or someone like him?
理想国》要我们考虑，城邦的面貌,如果它是由苏格拉底或像他的人所统治？
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Because it was precisely because of this one world, run by the Romans and maintained by the Romans, that allowed the spread of Christianity, to a great extent, both ideologically and thought-wise, as well as simply physically.
因为正是由罗马人统治维持的，这个统一的世界，给予基督教在大范围面积内广为传播的机会，不仅是在意识形态和智慧方面，还有物质条件方面。
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If the taxation is by the consent of the governed, it's not coerced. It's legitimate.
如果税收是由统治者一致决定的话，那就不是强制，就是合法的。
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Now, there are Greek traditions that are taken seriously by the Greeks that suggest that kings ruled these cities from the beginning and they have lists of kings with their names, and sometimes with stories attached to them.
古希腊人有他们一些严格执行的传统,这些传统暗示这些城邦一开始就由国王统治的,他们甚至有国王的名字的列表,有时还有关于国王的传说
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Justice consists of the rules, that is to say, that are made by and for the benefits of the ruling class.
正义由规则组成，也就是说，由统治阶级所订定,且对其有利。
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The Republic asks us to consider seriously, ? what would a city look like ruled by philosophers?
理想国》要我们严肃地考虑，一座由哲学家统治的城邦面貌为何？
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Plato thought of democracy as a kind of rule by the many that he associated with the unrestricted freedom to do everything that one likes.
柏拉图将民主,想成是一种由多方所统治,并连结到,不受限制的自由,每个人为所欲为。
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It must be small enough to be governed by a common language of justice.
它必需小到,能由共同的正义语言所统治。
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Aristotle is very sketchy here about the structure the institutional structure the make-up of the best regime acknowledging the best regime is one where the best men rule.
亚里士多德对于结构的描述,是概略的制度结构,最佳政体的构造,仅声明最佳政体,是由最优秀的人所统治。
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By combining elements as it were of the few and the many polity is characterized by the dominance of the middle class the middle group.
透过结合一些元素,就像前人所为，结合少数人与多数人,政体的特征便转为是,由中间阶级，中间团体所统治。
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The first five books that deal with and culminate in the best city, Kallipolis Plato's ideal city, what he calls Kallipolis, the just city, the beautiful city, ruled by philosopher-kings.
前五部讲述,书中高潮的所在，柏拉图的理想城市，他称之为，正义之城，美丽之城，由哲学家国王所统治；
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And secondly, that the head of each state would have the right to determine the religion of the state, again thus putting an end to the claims of a single universalist church.
第二，每个国家的首脑,都有权决定,国家的宗教，因此终结了,由一种宗教统治全国的局面。
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Every regime is an answer consciously or not to the oldest political question of all ? who governs? Who should govern?
每一个政体都是答案，无论是否有此自觉,每一个都是最古老政治问题的答案,由谁统治？谁该被统治？
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And by the exercise of entire sovereignty in protecting the public teaching of it, convert this truth of speculation " into the utility of practice."
藉由在整个统治区域,保护传授者的实践，将这对真理的思索,转换为实用与实践“
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To be a political animal means first to possess speech or reason that allows us to participate in a community or a way of life governed by shared standards of justice and injustice.
要成为政治动物的首要,是拥有演说或理性的能力,以让我们参与社群,或由共享公正,与不公标准所统治的生活方式。
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