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This is one respectable theory, but the alternative is they have the right knowledge, but they suffer from problems with inhibition.
这是一个被广泛接受的理论,但另一种观点则认为,婴儿拥有恰当的知识,只不过是他们无法解决抑制的问题
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But the strong Freudian view about symbolism and wish fulfillment has not been supported by the study of dreams.
但精神分析理论中,关于象征和愿望满足的观点,并未得到梦境研究的证据支持。
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And if you're not prepared to believe it, it looks as though you've got to give up on the personality view.
如果你无法接受这个观点，那看来你得放弃人格理论的观点了。
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If we're all--conventional economic theory says, we're all relentlessly selfish and calculating.
传统的经济学理论的观点认为,人们都唯利是图,精于算计
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They will convert it they'll take portions of John Locke that they like, and not the others and they'll say the real rule of the world is not natural equality, but it is natural inequality.
他们会转变它,他们接受约翰·洛克理论的一部分观点,排斥他们不喜欢的,而且他们说真正的世界法则,不是天生平等,而是天生不平等的
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So these are the two basic positions: the dualist view on the one hand, the physicalist view on the other.
以上就是两种基本的理论,一种是二元论的观点,另一种是物理主义的观点
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A lot of Freudians have tried and made a research program of extending their ideas scientifically, bringing them to robust scientific tests.
许多精神分析的支持者们,都试图建立研究项目,来科学地扩展他们的理论观点，使得这些理论观点得到了大量的科学研究。
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Most of the work we're going to talk about in this class-- most of the ideas are narrow.
本课程中所学习的大部分理论,大部分学术观点-,它们的应用范围都是狭隘的。
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If I were to discover that's what was happening metaphysically and the soul view was the true theory of personal identity, I'd say,Huh!
如果这就是形而上学地发生的事情,而且灵魂观点是个人认同感的正确理论，我会说！
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We've distinguished three different views as to the secret or key to personal identity across time.
我们陆续已经辨别了三种不同的,关于个人认同感关键的理论观点。
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Let's suppose the brain version of the theory is the best version.
我们先假设，大脑观点是这个理论的最佳版本。
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We've expanded the list of goods that can go within your life, but for all that, we've still been acting as though the neutral container theory is the right approach.
我们扩展了生活中美好事物的定义，但除此之外，我们的观点仍然是基于,中性容器理论是正确的理论。
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If we accept the body view,we avoid the duplication problem.
如果接受肉体理论的观点，就避免了复制的问题。
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Although I'm inclined to think that the body theory may be the best view about what's the key to personal identity, I'm also inclined to think it doesn't really matter.
虽然我倾向于觉得身体理论,也许是解释个人认同感的关键观点，我同样觉得，这其实根本无关紧要。
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What this often--What this can be viewed as, as an extended version of selfish gene theory, which is that to the extent you're interconnected with other people you care about them more for purely selfish reasons.
其实我们可以把这个观点视为，自私基因理论的延伸，也就是说根据你和别人,互相联系的程度,你对他人的关心更多是因为自私的原因。
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Would that--Suppose the personality view of personality identity was correct.
假设个人认同感的人格理论观点是正确的。
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And the claim that psychoanalysis proves itself by being- by its tremendous success in curing mental illness is also almost certainly not true.
对于精神分析,通过在治疗心理疾病方面获得的巨大成功,证明了其理论的正确性,这个观点当然也是不对的。
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From that standpoint, from that theoretical standpoint, comes a methodological approach which is, if they're all the same then you could study human learning by studying nonhuman animals.
从这个理论观点中，可以得出一种研究方法,即，如果人类与动物并无差别,那你就能通过研究非人类动物的学习过程,来研究人类的学习过程。
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Now, if that's the sort of thing you know about Freud, you are not going to have a very high opinion of him or of his work, but at the core of Freud's declamation, the more interesting ideas, is a set of claims of a man's intellectual importance.
如果大家对于弗洛伊德的了解仅限于此，一定不会对他及其学说给予太高的评价，不过弗洛伊德理论的核心，也是更有价值的观点，是一系列关于人类理性的主张。
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the notion that markets are efficient which is the same sort of theory about all markets.
市场是有效的观点，The，efficient—,这一理论其实一定程度上适用于所有的市场。
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