So let's take our one model that we keep going back to Equation of state, and just see how it works.

我们回到经常使用的理想气体模型,或者说状态方程。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Or, if we know the equation of state from a model, ideal gas, van der Waal's gas, whatever, u now we can determine u.

或者如果我们知道模型的状态方程,比如理想气体，范德瓦尔斯气体，无论什么，我们就可以利用状态方程得到内能。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So for each student the tutor builds a model of that Student's current state what the computer thinks they Know and doesn't know, and tries to present the student options that best meet what the tutor thinks are the student's need at that moment.

因此辅导系统会给每个学生,创建一个模型记录他们当前的学习状态,判断他们已经掌握和还不了解的知识,然后给出此时导师认为,最符合他们需要的选择。

麻省理工公开课 - 媒体、教育、市场课程节选

So from measured equation of state data, or from a model like the ideal gas or the van der Waal's gas or another equation of state you know this.

所以，从测量的到的状态方程的数据，或者从状态方程模型比如理想气体方程,范德瓦尔斯方程或者其他状态方程,我们就可以知道。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

But because in many cases we can reasonably either model or measure equations of state, collect data for a material for its temperature, pressure, volume relations, then in fact if we can relate all these quantities to those then in fact we really can calculate essentially all of the thermodynamics. For the material.

但是因为在很多情况下,我们能够合理的给出状态方程的模型,或者通过收集一个物质的，温度，压强和体积之间的关系,来测量其状态方程，所以实际上我们可以给出压强等物理量,和热力学势之间的关系,并计算出所有的热力学势，对于给定的物质。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选