But it doesn't tell you, by itself, which direction things run in.

但是这些物理量并不能告诉我们，反应朝着那个方向进行。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Now this is the basis of a physical chemistry process called hybridization.

这正是所谓核酸分子杂交的,物理化学反应的基础

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选