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So, in order to fill our octet, what we do is put two on the nitrogen and two on the carbon.
因此，为了填满我们的“八隅体“,我们需要将两个放到氮上，将另外两个放到碳上。
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So what we can actually directly compare is the dissociation energy or the bond strength of nitrogen versus hydrogen.
因此实际上我们可以直接进行比较,对氮分子与氢分子的离解能,或键的强度。
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If we take nitrogen, we've got N2, and we've got one, two, three, four, five.
比如说氮，我们得到了氮气，我们有一个，两个，三个，四个，五个。
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So, electron promotion does not happen in terms of nitrogen, because it would not increased our number of unpaired electrons.
这里对于氮原子不会有电子激发，因为这不会增加,未配对电子的数目。
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So notice a difference in these structures, is this has an n h bond whereas this has an o h bond.
注意它们之间的有一点不同，那就是一个有氮氢键,而另一个有氧氢键。
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We see that the radius is shorter, so that means that the nitrogen-nitrogen bond is going to be shorter.
我们看到这个距离更短，这就意味着,氮与氮之间的键应该更短。
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4 6 Just as in nitrogen, we get two, four, six here, but now we have two more electrons.
对于氮，我们有，但是现在我们有两个多的电子。
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So this is not going to be a favorable process, we're going to find that the electron affinity is actually a negative 7 kilojoules per mole for nitrogen.
因此这并不是一个容易发生的过程，我们会发现氮的电子亲和能,应该是负的，7，千焦每摩尔。
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So, shared electrons are the ones that are shared between the carbon and the nitrogen, so we have 6 shared electrons, and we want to take 1/2 of that.
共用电子是那些在碳和氮之间,被它们共用的电子，那么我们有六个共用电子，然后我们要给它乘上二分之一。
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So in terms of the first step of skeletal structure, this is actually going to be easier because we don't have a central atom, we just have carbon and nitrogen here.
对于第一步画出骨架，其实比刚才更容易,因为我们没有一个中心原子，我们这里只有碳和氮两个原子。
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So in terms of nitrogen that starts off with a valence number of 5, again we have 2 lone pair electrons in the nitrogen, and again, we have 6 electrons that are shared.
对于氮来说,我们应该从五个价电子开始，同样，氮也有两个孤对电子，共用电子的个数也一样，是六个。
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So, why don't you go ahead and tell me, keeping that in mind, which atom in terms of h c or n would you expect to be in the center of hydrogen cyanide?
那么，请大家来告诉我，并且记住它，你认为氢，碳和氮中哪个原子,应该在氰化氢的中间呢？
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We know that ionization energy is going to increase as we go across the periodic table, so that means carbon has a lower ionization energy than nitrogen which is right next to us.
我们知道电离能会随着周期表,向右而逐渐变大，因此碳的电离能比旁边的氮要低一些,那么就像我说的。
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So between b e, and b, between n and o, magnesium and aluminum, and then phosphorous and sulfur, what we see here is that we're kind of going down, or quite specifically, we are going down.
比如从铍到硼，从氮到氧，从镁到铝，从磷到硫，我们在这些地方看到有点下降，或者可以明确地说，我们确实在下降。
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This is very easy molecule because we know exactly where to put them without even having to think, we only have one option, and we'll make a triple bond between the carbon and the nitrogen.
这个分子非常简单,因为我们知道应该把它们放在哪里,甚至不用去想，我们只有一个选择，我们将在碳与氮之间形成一个三键。
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So, in this case, we see that our formal charge is negative on the nitrogen, in this case it's negative on oxygen.
那么，在这种情况下，我们看到氮的形式电荷是负的，而在这种情况下，氧的是负的。
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090 We have 1,090 for carbon, 1000 1,000 for sulfur, 1400 and 1,400 for nitrogen.
碳的是，硫的是，而氮的是。
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So, that also tells us that the n minus ion is less stable than the neutral atom itself.
而且，这还告诉我们,负一价的氮离子不如中性氮原子稳定。
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Here is the atomic nitrogen, here is the atomic nitrogen and these are the orbitals of molecular nitrogen.
这是氮原子，这是氮原子,然后这是氮气的分子轨道。
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So we can put actually all 4 of our extra electrons in between the carbon and the nitrogen.
因此我们可以把这剩下的,四个电子都放在碳和氮之间。
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So, for instance, this would suggest to us by the way it's written that the hydrogen is attached to the nitrogen and not the oxygen.
因此，比如，这样的写法会提醒我们,这个氢原子是与氮原子成键的，而不是氧。
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So, if we took the case of nitrogen, if we add an electron to nitrogen and go to n minus, we find that the change in energy is 7 kilojoules per mole.
如果我们以氮为例，如果我们给氮增加个电子令它变成-1价的氮，我们会发现能量的变化是，7，千焦每摩尔。
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Now we have 6 things around the nitrogen, and we have 8 around the carbon.
现在我们有六个成键电子在氮周围，有八个在碳周围。
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So, if we talked about a nitrogen-nitrogen single versus double versus triple bond, the triple bond will be the shortest and it will be the strongest.
因此，如果我们讨论的是氮与氮之间的单键,双键与三键，那么三键应该是其中最短的一个，同时也是最强的一个。
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The nitrogen. The reason being that's the only one that didn't have a full octet yet.
氮，因为只有它的“八隅体“,还没有填满。
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So, for example, let's look at thiocyanate ion, we have c s and n.
比如，让我们来看一下硫氰酸根离子，我们有碳，硫和氮。
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Is it going to be hydrogen or nitrogen? Yup, it's going to be nitrogen.
应该是氢的还是氮的？对，应该是氮的。
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And the reason we can see that by looking at this graph is that we see that nitrogen when it's bonded is in an even lower well than we saw for hydrogen.
原因可以通过观察这幅图发现,我们看到氮在成键之后将处于更低的势阱中,对氢而言。
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For example, we can talk about nitrogen, and nitrogen has five valence electrons shown here.
例如，我们可以讨论氮原子，氮原子有5个价电子。
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Is a hydrogen bond shorter, or is a nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond going to be shorter?
是氢的键更短，还是氮与氮的三键更短？
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